Opt Express. 2021 Mar 29;29(7):9981-9990. doi: 10.1364/OE.417299.
Non-invasive optical imaging through opaque and multi-scattering media remains highly desirable across many application domains. The random scattering and diffusion of light in such media inflict exponential decay and aberration, prohibiting diffraction-limited imaging. By non-interferometric few picoseconds optical gating of backscattered photons, we demonstrate single photon sensitive non-invasive 3D imaging of targets occluded by strongly scattering media with optical thicknesses reaching 9.5l (19l round trip). It achieves diffraction-limited imaging of a target placed 130 cm away through the opaque media, with millimeter lateral and depth resolution while requiring only one photon detection out of 50,000 probe pulses. Our single photon sensitive imaging technique does not require wavefront shaping nor computationally-intensive image reconstruction algorithms, promising practical solutions for diffraction-limited imaging through highly opaque and diffusive media with low illumination power.
非侵入式光学成像是许多应用领域都非常需要的，尤其是在穿透不透明和多散射介质时。光在这些介质中的随机散射和扩散会导致指数衰减和像差，从而无法实现衍射极限成像。通过非干涉的几皮秒后向散射光子光学选通，我们演示了具有 9.5l 光学厚度（往返 19l）的强散射介质中目标的单光子敏感非侵入式 3D 成像，达到了衍射极限。通过不透明介质，该技术可以实现距离为 130 厘米的目标的衍射极限成像，具有毫米级的横向和深度分辨率，而在 50000 个探测脉冲中只需要一次单光子探测。我们的单光子敏感成像技术不需要波前整形，也不需要计算密集型的图像重建算法，为利用低光照功率通过高度不透明和扩散介质实现衍射极限成像提供了实用的解决方案。
