Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium.
J Wildl Dis. 2021 Apr 1;57(2):292-302. doi: 10.7589/JWD-D-20-00088.
Environmental changes or stressors can result in the development of diseases. Through regular fish disease surveys in the Belgian part of the North Sea, attention was drawn to a sudden increase of skin ulceration prevalence between 2011 and 2014 in common dab (Limanda limanda). Information on prevalence, ulceration, bacteriology, fish-related (e.g., length, age, and sex) and (spatial and temporal) environmental factors, and fishing intensity were gathered. This detailed investigation was framed within a long-term monitoring program, executed every spring-autumn from 2000 to present. Ulcerations were observed in 1.3% of fish (n=3,999). Spatial and temporal differences were evident, and highest prevalence was found in summer. Vibrio was the dominant cultivated bacterial genus present in the lesions. Skin ulcerations appeared to be correlated with length and body condition of the fish, as well as with temperature and pH of the seawater and fishing vessel density. Our research suggested the involvement of multiple factors in the development of skin ulcerations in common dab and endorsed the effects of changing environment and human influence on the marine ecosystem through activities such as fishing.
环境变化或胁迫因子可导致疾病的发生。通过定期在比利时北海部分海域进行鱼类疾病调查，人们注意到 2011 年至 2014 年间，欧庸鲽（Limanda limanda）的皮肤溃疡病发病率突然上升。本研究收集了有关发病率、溃疡、细菌学、鱼类相关因素（如体长、年龄、性别）和（时空）环境因素以及捕捞强度的信息。这项详细的调查是在一个长期监测项目的框架内进行的，该项目从 2000 年至今每年春季和秋季执行。在 3999 条鱼中观察到了 1.3%的鱼患有溃疡病。存在明显的时空差异，夏季发病率最高。溃疡病灶中主要的培养细菌属是弧菌。皮肤溃疡似乎与鱼的体长和身体状况以及海水温度、pH 值和渔船密度有关。我们的研究表明，多种因素参与了欧庸鲽皮肤溃疡的发生，并证实了环境变化和人类活动（如捕捞）对海洋生态系统的影响。
