Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2021 Apr;47(4):673-684. doi: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1908343. Epub 2021 Apr 7.
The last two decades have seen the emergence of several viral outbreaks. Some of them are the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV2) - the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Ever, vaccines for emergency use have been authorized for the control and prevention of COVID-19. Currently, there is an urgent need to develop a vaccine for prophylaxis of COVID-19 and for other future epidemics.
This review describes patented vaccines for SARS and MERS-CoV and vaccines developed and approved for emergency use against the new coronavirus (COVID-19). The European Patent Office and the World Intellectual Property Organization were the patent databases used using specific terms. In addition, another search was carried out in the Clinical Trials in search of ongoing clinical studies focused on the COVID-19 vaccine.
The patent search showed that most vaccines are based on viral vector platforms, nucleic acids, or protein subunits. The review also includes an overview of completed and ongoing clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 in several countries.
The information provided here lists vaccines for other types of coronavirus that have been used in the development of vaccines for COVID-19.
过去二十年出现了几次病毒爆发。其中一些是严重急性呼吸系统综合症（SARS）、中东呼吸系统综合症（MERS）和严重急性呼吸系统综合症 2 型（SARS-CoV2）-导致 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的原因。尽管如此，用于控制和预防 COVID-19 的紧急使用疫苗已获得授权。目前，迫切需要开发一种用于预防 COVID-19 和其他未来流行病的疫苗。
本综述描述了针对 SARS 和 MERS-CoV 的专利疫苗，以及针对新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）开发并批准用于紧急使用的疫苗。使用特定术语，检索了欧洲专利局和世界知识产权组织的专利数据库。此外，还在临床试验中进行了另一项搜索，以寻找专注于 COVID-19 疫苗的正在进行的临床研究。
专利搜索表明，大多数疫苗基于病毒载体平台、核酸或蛋白质亚基。该综述还包括对几个国家针对 SARS-CoV-2 完成和正在进行的临床试验的概述。
这里提供的信息列出了已用于开发 COVID-19 疫苗的其他类型冠状病毒的疫苗。
