155319Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Norway.
1006Aarhus University, Denmark; VID Bergen, Norway.
Nurs Ethics. 2021 Nov-Dec;28(7-8):1329-1336. doi: 10.1177/0969733021996025. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
Background: In general, qualitative research design often involves merging together various data collection strategies, and researcher's may need to be prepared to spend longer periods in the field to pursue data collection opportunities that were not foreseen. Furthermore, nurse researchers performing qualitative research among patients and their relatives often experience unforeseen ethical dilemmas.
This paper aimed to explore aspects of ethical dilemmas related to qualitative nursing research among patients and their relatives in the intensive care unit (ICU).
This paper is based on a qualitative researcher's personal experience during a hermeneutic phenomenological study involving close observation and in-depth interviews with 11 intensive care nurses. Data were collected at two ICUs in two Norwegian university hospitals.
The study was approved by the Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD). The Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REK) granted dispensation to the project regarding health personnels confidentiality of the patients who were present during the observation (2012/622-4).
Close observation with nurses in the ICU requires the researcher to balance being a qualitative researcher, an ICU nurse and a sensitive fellow human being open to the suffering of the other-that is, being embodied, engaged and affected by sensitive situations and simultaneously constantly stepping back and reflecting on the meaning of those situations.
The qualitative researcher's ethical awareness also entails knowing and acknowledging his or her own vulnerability, which becomes apparent in the researcher-participant relationship and settings in which being a fellow human always overrules the researcher's role in ethical dilemmas.
背景：一般来说，定性研究设计通常涉及合并各种数据收集策略，研究人员可能需要准备在现场花费更长的时间来追求未预见的数据收集机会。此外，在重症监护病房（ICU）中对患者及其家属进行定性研究的护士研究人员经常会遇到意想不到的伦理困境。
本文旨在探讨与 ICU 中患者及其家属的定性护理研究相关的伦理困境方面。
本文基于一名定性研究人员在参与对 11 名重症监护护士进行的近距离观察和深入访谈的诠释现象学研究中的个人经验。数据是在挪威两所大学医院的两个 ICU 中收集的。
该研究得到了挪威社会科学数据服务局（NSD）的批准。地区医学和健康研究伦理委员会（REK）对该项目授予了豁免权，以保护患者的医护人员的机密性，这些患者在观察期间在场（2012/622-4）。
在 ICU 中与护士进行近距离观察需要研究人员在作为定性研究人员、ICU 护士和对他人痛苦持开放态度的敏感伙伴之间取得平衡——也就是说，具有体现、参与和受敏感情况影响的能力，同时不断退后一步并反思这些情况的意义。
定性研究人员的伦理意识还需要认识和承认自己的脆弱性，这在研究人员-参与者关系和作为人类的存在总是优先于伦理困境中的研究人员角色的环境中变得明显。
