Departments of Internal Medicine (Drs Ashur and Lewis) and Family Medicine (Drs Sen and Richardson), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Cascino); Taubman Health Sciences Library, University of Michigan Library, Ann Arbor (Ms Townsend); Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham (Dr Pekmezi); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (Dr Jackson).
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2021 Jul 1;41(4):249-256. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000592.
The objective of this study was to review randomized controlled trials (RCT), which included a wearable activity tracker in an intervention to promote physical activity among cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participants, and to conduct a meta-analysis for the outcomes of step counts and aerobic capacity (V˙o2max).
Eight databases were searched for RCTs that included an activity tracker, enrolled adults eligible for CR, and reported outcomes of step count or aerobic capacity. Mean differences were calculated for outcomes in the meta-analyses.
Nineteen RCTs with 2429 participants were included in the systematic review and 10 RCTs with 891 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of three RCTs using a pedometer or accelerometer demonstrated a significant increase in daily step count compared with controls (n = 211, 2587 steps/d [95% CI, 916-5257]; I2 = 74.6% and P = .002). Meta-analysis of three RCTs using a pedometer or accelerometer intervention demonstrated a significant increase in V˙o2max compared with controls (n = 260, 2.6 mL/min/kg [95% CI, 1.6-3.6]; I2 = 0.0% and P < .0001). Meta-analysis of four RCTs using a heart rate monitor demonstrated a significant increase in V˙o2max compared with controls (n = 420, 1.4 mL/min/kg [95% CI, 0.4-2.3]; I2 = 0.0% and P = .006).
Use of activity trackers among CR participants was associated with significant increases in daily step count and aerobic capacity when compared with controls. However, study size was small and variability in intervention supports the need for larger trials to assess use of activity trackers in CR.
本研究旨在回顾随机对照试验（RCT），这些试验包括在心脏康复（CR）参与者中促进体力活动的可穿戴活动追踪器干预，并对步数和有氧能力（V˙o2max）的结果进行荟萃分析。
在 8 个数据库中搜索了包含活动追踪器、招募适合接受 CR 的成年人并报告步数或有氧能力结果的 RCT。在荟萃分析中计算了结果的平均值差异。
系统评价纳入了 19 项 RCT，共 2429 名参与者，荟萃分析纳入了 10 项 RCT，共 891 名参与者。使用计步器或加速度计的三项 RCT 的荟萃分析表明，与对照组相比，日常步数显著增加（n = 211，2587 步/d [95% CI，916-5257]；I2 = 74.6%，P =.002）。使用计步器或加速度计干预的三项 RCT 的荟萃分析表明，与对照组相比，V˙o2max 显著增加（n = 260，2.6 mL/min/kg [95% CI，1.6-3.6]；I2 = 0.0%，P <.0001）。使用心率监测器的四项 RCT 的荟萃分析表明，与对照组相比，V˙o2max 显著增加（n = 420，1.4 mL/min/kg [95% CI，0.4-2.3]；I2 = 0.0%，P =.006）。
与对照组相比，CR 参与者使用活动追踪器与日常步数和有氧能力的显著增加相关。然而，研究规模较小，干预措施的变异性表明需要更大的试验来评估 CR 中活动追踪器的使用。
