Sasanfar Bahareh, Toorang Fatemeh, Booyani Zahra, Vassalami Fatemeh, Mohebbi Elham, Azadbakht Leila, Zendehdel Kazem
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R., Iran.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2021 Nov;75(11):1578-1587. doi: 10.1038/s41430-021-00869-7. Epub 2021 Apr 7.
Previous studies assessed the link between plant based diet and breast cancer risk rather than healthy and unhealthy plant based diet. This study examined the relation between plant-based dietary pattern and risk of breast cancer among Iranian women.
This hospital-based case-control study was conducted among 412 women with pathologically confirmed breast cancer within the past year and 456 apparently healthy controls. Dietary data were collected using a validated and reliable 168-item FFQ. We created three patterns including overall plant-based diet index (PDI), a healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and an unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). The risk of breast cancer was compared across quartiles of PDI, hPDI, and uPDI.
we did not find significant association between adherence to PDI and uPDI score and odds of breast cancer among women. However, a greater score of hPDI was inversely associated to the risk of breast cancer (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.43-0.93, P = 0.01), in the crude model. After adjustment for age and energy, we saw stronger association between breast cancer risk and higher hPDI score (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.37-0.82, P = 0.002). After stratified by menopausal status, we did not find significant association between PDI and uPDI score and risk of breast cancer. However, pre- and postmenopausal women in the highest quartile of hPDI score had lower risk of breast cancer than those in the lowest quartile.
we found an inverse significant association between hPDI and odds of breast cancer in the whole population of study. After stratifying by menopausal status, this correlation was also seen both in pre and postmenopausal women.
以往研究评估的是植物性饮食与乳腺癌风险之间的联系，而非健康和不健康的植物性饮食与乳腺癌风险的联系。本研究探讨了伊朗女性基于植物的饮食模式与乳腺癌风险之间的关系。
本项基于医院的病例对照研究纳入了412例在过去一年中经病理确诊为乳腺癌的女性以及456例明显健康的对照者。使用经过验证且可靠的168项食物频率问卷收集饮食数据。我们创建了三种模式，包括总体植物性饮食指数（PDI）、健康植物性饮食指数（hPDI）和不健康植物性饮食指数（uPDI）。比较了PDI、hPDI和uPDI四分位数水平上的乳腺癌风险。
我们未发现女性坚持PDI和uPDI评分与乳腺癌几率之间存在显著关联。然而，在粗模型中，较高的hPDI评分与乳腺癌风险呈负相关（OR：0.63；95%CI：0.43 - 0.93，P = 0.01）。在对年龄和能量进行调整后，我们发现乳腺癌风险与较高的hPDI评分之间存在更强的关联（OR：0.55；95%CI：0.37 - 0.82，P = 0.002）。按绝经状态分层后，我们未发现PDI和uPDI评分与乳腺癌风险之间存在显著关联。然而，hPDI评分最高四分位数的绝经前和绝经后女性患乳腺癌的风险低于最低四分位数的女性。
我们在整个研究人群中发现hPDI与乳腺癌几率之间存在显著负相关。按绝经状态分层后，绝经前和绝经后女性中也均观察到这种相关性。
