Yuan Shuai, Bruzelius Maria, Håkansson Niclas, Åkesson Agneta, Larsson Susanna C
Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Coagulation Unit, Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Thromb Res. 2021 Jun;202:119-124. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.03.024. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
Evidence on the associations of lifestyle factors with venous thromboembolism (VTE) is inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the associations of modifiable lifestyle factors with VTE in women and men.
We used data from two cohorts comprising 30,137 women and 36,193 men aged over 45 years and free of cancer and VTE. Information on lifestyle factors was collected in 1997 via a self-administrated questionnaire. VTE cases were ascertained by linkage with the National Patient Register until the end of 2019.
During a mean of 16.9-years follow-up, 1784 women and 2043 men were diagnosed with VTE. Compared with individuals with <10 min/day of physical activity, the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) of VTE were 0.67 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58, 0.79) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.67, 0.92) in women and men with >60 min/day, respectively. Compared with individuals with the lowest adherence to a modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, the multivariable HRs of VTE were 0.87 (95% CI, 0.75, 0.99) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.80, 1.00) for women and men with the highest adherence. In women, the multivariable HRs of VTE were 1.16 (95% CI, 1.03, 1.29) for past smoker and 1.28 (95% CI, 1.14, 1.45) for current smoker compared with never smoker. Alcohol and coffee consumption were not associated with VTE.
This study suggests that being physically active and adhering to a healthy diet may lower the risk of VTE in women and men. Cigarette smoking was positively associated with VTE in women.
生活方式因素与静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）之间关联的证据并不一致。我们旨在调查可改变的生活方式因素与男性和女性VTE之间的关联。
我们使用了来自两个队列的数据，这两个队列包括30137名年龄超过45岁且无癌症和VTE的女性以及36193名男性。1997年通过自我管理问卷收集了生活方式因素的信息。通过与国家患者登记处的关联确定VTE病例，直至2019年底。
在平均16.9年的随访期间，1784名女性和2043名男性被诊断为VTE。与每天体力活动少于10分钟的个体相比，每天体力活动超过60分钟的女性和男性VTE的多变量风险比（HR）分别为0.67（95%置信区间（CI），0.58，0.79）和0.78（95%CI，0.67，0.92）。与遵循改良的停止高血压饮食方法依从性最低的个体相比，依从性最高的女性和男性VTE的多变量HR分别为0.87（95%CI，0.75，0.99）和0.88（95%CI，0.80，1.00）。在女性中，与从不吸烟的人相比，既往吸烟者VTE的多变量HR为1.16（95%CI，1.03，1.29），当前吸烟者为1.28（95%CI，1.14，1.45）。饮酒和喝咖啡与VTE无关。
本研究表明，进行体力活动和坚持健康饮食可能会降低男性和女性VTE的风险。吸烟与女性VTE呈正相关。
