Abaza Annegret, Wahl Gideon, Kortüm Constanze, Januschowski Kai, Besch Dorothea, Schramm Charlotte
Department of Ophthalmology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tuebingen, Germany.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Clinic Sulzbach, Sulzbach, Saar, Germany.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2021 Mar 31;15:1375-1389. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S287508. eCollection 2021.
To find a reliable method to determine the wearing times of glasses in adults objectively on the basis of temperature measurements of the small-sized theramon thermosensor device (TM) from orthodontics. Furthermore, the reliability of the determined wearing times during well and poor position of spectacles was explored. To address the previously reported lack of accuracy during higher outside temperatures, this study was conducted in midsummer and autumn.
Twenty adults wore their spectacles with three TMs attached to both inner sides and the right outer side in a period of three consecutive days. They were asked to report wearing and non-wearing times, indoor and outdoor activities and subjective perception of spectacle position as accurately as possible. To find the most reliable way to determine spectacle wearing times compared to protocolled wearing times, we applied and evaluated temperature categorizing methods and visual analysis of time logged temperatures. Percent error and percent accuracy of each method were calculated. The methods mentioned were applied and evaluated to determine poor spectacle position.
Median percent errors of the most reliable determination methods were <10% with an accuracy between 90% and 96%. Comparing the most reliable methods, determinations on the basis of midsummer measurements (median percent error 0% to 2%, median percent accuracy 96%) were more accurate than on the basis of autumn measurements (median percent error -5% to -20%, median percent accuracy 90%). Poor spectacle position could be determined with a median percent error of 0% and a median percent accuracy of 100% by analysing the temperature measurements of TM's visually.
A reliable and objective determination of spectacle wearing times is possible on the basis of TM temperature measurements in a standard clinical setting. Measurements of one inner TM seem to be sufficient to determine the wearing times and are more appealing. Poor spectacle position can be determined reliably by analysing visually the time logged temperatures. The findings of this study require further studies on larger groups of affected, amblyopic patients and children, to analyse the real impact of spectacle wearing times and poor spectacle position on visual development.
基于正畸用小型热感温传感器装置（TM）的温度测量，找到一种客观确定成年人眼镜佩戴时长的可靠方法。此外，还探讨了在眼镜位置良好和不佳时所确定的佩戴时长的可靠性。为解决先前报道的在较高外界温度下缺乏准确性的问题，本研究在仲夏和秋季进行。
20名成年人连续三天佩戴附有三个TM的眼镜，TM分别贴于眼镜两侧内侧和右侧外侧。要求他们尽可能准确地报告佩戴和未佩戴时间、室内和室外活动以及眼镜位置的主观感受。为找到与预定佩戴时间相比确定眼镜佩戴时间的最可靠方法，我们应用并评估了温度分类方法以及对记录温度的视觉分析。计算了每种方法的误差百分比和准确率。应用并评估上述方法以确定不佳的眼镜位置。
最可靠测定方法的中位误差百分比<10%，准确率在90%至96%之间。比较最可靠的方法，基于仲夏测量的测定（中位误差百分比0%至2%，中位准确率96%）比基于秋季测量的测定更准确（中位误差百分比-5%至-20%，中位准确率90%）。通过对TM温度测量进行视觉分析，可确定不佳的眼镜位置，中位误差百分比为0%，中位准确率为100%。
在标准临床环境中，基于TM温度测量能够可靠且客观地确定眼镜佩戴时长。测量一个内侧TM似乎足以确定佩戴时长，且更具吸引力。通过对记录温度进行视觉分析可可靠地确定不佳的眼镜位置。本研究结果需要在更大规模的受影响的弱视患者和儿童群体中进行进一步研究，以分析眼镜佩戴时长和不佳的眼镜位置对视觉发育的实际影响。
