Canberk Sule, Lima Ana Rita, Pinto Mafalda, Máximo Valdemar
Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Mar 23;8:640460. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.640460. eCollection 2021.
The awareness of epigenetic alterations leading to neoplasia attracted the attention of researchers toward its potential use in the management of cancer, from diagnosis to prognosis and prediction of response to therapies. Our group has focused its attention on the epigenomics of thyroid neoplasms. Although most of the epigenetic studies have been applied on histological samples, the fact is that cytology, through fine-needle aspiration, is a primary diagnostic method for many pathologies, of which thyroid nodules are one of the most paradigmatic examples. This has led to an increasing literature report of epigenetic studies using these biological samples over the past decade. In this review, our group aimed to document recent research of epigenetic alterations and its associated assessment techniques, based on cytology material. Our review covers the main epigenetic categories-DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA-silencing-whose evidence in thyroid cytology samples may represent solid soil for future prospectively designed studies aiming at validating patterns of epigenetic alterations and their potential use in the clinical management of thyroid neoplasms.
导致肿瘤形成的表观遗传改变的认识，吸引了研究人员关注其在癌症管理中的潜在用途，从诊断到预后以及对治疗反应的预测。我们小组将注意力集中在甲状腺肿瘤的表观基因组学上。尽管大多数表观遗传学研究已应用于组织学样本，但事实上，通过细针穿刺进行的细胞学检查是许多疾病的主要诊断方法，甲状腺结节就是其中最典型的例子之一。这导致在过去十年中，使用这些生物样本进行表观遗传学研究的文献报道不断增加。在本综述中，我们小组旨在记录基于细胞学材料的表观遗传改变及其相关评估技术的最新研究。我们的综述涵盖了主要的表观遗传类别——DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和RNA沉默——其在甲状腺细胞学样本中的证据可能为未来旨在验证表观遗传改变模式及其在甲状腺肿瘤临床管理中的潜在用途的前瞻性设计研究提供坚实基础。
