Phylogenetic and Functional Ecology Lab (LEFF), Post-Graduation Programme in Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2021 Apr 9;16(4):e0250016. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250016. eCollection 2021.
Much evidence suggests that Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest were connected through at least three dispersion routes in the past: the Eastern route, the central route, and the Western route. However, few studies have assessed the use of these routes based on multiple species. Here we present a compilation of mammal species that potentially have dispersed between the two forest regions and which may serve to investigate these connections. We evaluate the present-day geographic distributions of mammals occurring in both Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest and the likely connective routes between these forests. We classified the species per habitat occupancy (strict forest specialists, species that prefer forest habitat, or generalists) and compiled the genetic data available for each species. We found 127 mammalian species presently occurring in both Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest for which, substantial genetic data was available. Hence, highlighting their potential for phylogeographic studies investigating the past connections between the two forests. Differently from what was previously proposed, the present-day geographic distribution of mammal species found in both Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest points to more species in the eastern portion of the dry diagonal (and adjoining forested habitats). The Central route was associated with the second most species. Although it remains to be seen how this present-day geography reflects the paleo dispersal routes, our results show the potential of using mammal species to investigate and bring new insights about the past connections between Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest.
大量证据表明，亚马逊地区和大西洋森林过去至少通过三条扩散路线相连：东部路线、中部路线和西部路线。然而，很少有研究基于多个物种来评估这些路线的使用情况。在这里，我们汇总了可能在这两个森林地区之间扩散的哺乳动物物种，并可能用于研究这些联系。我们评估了目前发生在亚马逊地区和大西洋森林地区的哺乳动物的地理分布，以及这些森林之间可能的连接路线。我们根据栖息地占有情况对物种进行了分类（严格的森林特有种、偏好森林栖息地的物种或广布种），并为每个物种汇编了可用的遗传数据。我们发现了 127 种目前同时存在于亚马逊地区和大西洋森林地区的哺乳动物，这些物种都有大量的遗传数据。因此，这些物种为研究过去两个森林之间联系的系统地理学研究提供了潜力。与之前的观点不同，目前在亚马逊地区和大西洋森林地区发现的哺乳动物物种的地理分布指向了干燥对角线上部（和相邻的森林栖息地）的更多物种。中部路线与第二多的物种有关。尽管目前的地理状况如何反映古扩散路线仍有待观察，但我们的研究结果表明，利用哺乳动物物种来研究和深入了解亚马逊地区和大西洋森林之间过去的联系具有潜力。
