Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, PR China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), No. 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2021 Jun 15;262:117922. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117922. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Polysaccharide nanocrystals (PNs) are attractive pharmaceutical excipients due to their abundant surface hydroxyl groups, high surface charges, prominent mechanical properties, excellent fluidity, and good swelling properties. In this review, we summarize three kinds of PNs, including cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), starch nanocrystals (SNCs), and chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs). We introduce the applications of PNs as stabilizers, adsorbents, film-forming materials, gel materials, disintegrants, and ointment matrices. We focus on the advantages of PNs to improve mechanical properties, thermal stability, therapeutic effect, biocompatibility, and release of active pharmaceutical ingredients. We discuss regulatory issues of PNs. We finally propose the challenges and future perspectives of PNs as pharmaceutical excipients.
多糖纳米晶体（PNs）因其丰富的表面羟基、高表面电荷、突出的机械性能、优异的流动性和良好的溶胀性能，成为有吸引力的药物辅料。在本综述中，我们总结了三种 PNs，包括纤维素纳米晶体（CNCs）、淀粉纳米晶体（SNCs）和壳聚糖纳米晶体（ChNCs）。我们介绍了 PNs 作为稳定剂、吸附剂、成膜材料、凝胶材料、崩解剂和软膏基质的应用。我们重点讨论了 PNs 改善机械性能、热稳定性、治疗效果、生物相容性和活性药物成分释放的优势。我们讨论了 PNs 的监管问题。最后，我们提出了 PNs 作为药物辅料的挑战和未来展望。
