Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Campus UAEM El Cerrillo, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, 50090, Toluca, Estado de México, México.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Apr 11;53(2):256. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02708-0.
Small-scale dairy systems (SSDS) are important source of livelihood and socio-economic wellbeing for the rearers in general. The reduction of methane emissions with the inclusion of sunflower seed or seed-meal in rations for dairy cows has been reported in several studies. However, studies pertaining to the use of sunflower silage in dairy cattle feeding are lacking. The present study was conducted to assess the productive, economic, and environmental effects of the inclusion of graded levels of sunflower silage at 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% (SFSL) along with maize silage (MZSL) on a dry matter basis. The silage was provided to eight Holstein cows in two 4×4 Latin-squares with 14-day periods. The study encompassed the productive performance of the cows, composition of feeds, besides the feeding costs, and enteric methane emissions estimated. The study indicated that inclusion of SFSL in the diet enhanced (P<0.001) the FCM by 3.5% and milk-fat content. SFSL increased feeding costs, but income/feeding costs ratios did not differ across the treatments. The higher inclusion of SFSL reduced methane emissions/kg of DM intake, / kg of milk, and in energy lost as methane. The inclusion of sunflower silage in feeding strategies for cows may be a viable alternative by increasing their milk yields and milk fat content and reducing methane emissions without affecting the income/feeding costs ratios.
小规模奶牛养殖系统（SSDS）是饲养员重要的生计和社会经济福利来源。在奶牛日粮中添加葵花籽或葵花籽粉可减少甲烷排放，这已在多项研究中得到证实。然而，关于在奶牛养殖中使用葵花青贮料的研究却很少。本研究旨在评估在以干物质为基础的日粮中，分别添加 0%、20%、40%和 60%（SFSL）的葵花青贮料以及玉米青贮料（MZSL）对奶牛生产性能、经济效益和环境的影响。在两个为期 14 天的 4×4 拉丁方中，8 头荷斯坦奶牛分别饲喂这两种青贮料。研究涵盖了奶牛的生产性能、饲料组成、饲料成本以及估算的瘤胃甲烷排放量。研究表明，在日粮中添加 SFSL 可提高（P<0.001）乳脂校正乳（FCM）产量 3.5%和乳脂含量。SFSL 增加了饲料成本，但各处理组的投入产出比没有差异。更高水平的 SFSL 减少了甲烷排放/干物质摄入量、/牛奶产量和作为甲烷损失的能量。在不影响投入产出比的情况下，在奶牛的饲养策略中添加葵花青贮料可能是一种可行的替代方案，因为它可以提高奶牛的产奶量和乳脂含量，减少甲烷排放。
