Bezerra Héllyda de Souza, Alves Roberta Machado, de Souza Talita Araujo, Medeiros Arthur de Almeida, Barbosa Isabelle Ribeiro
Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2021 Mar 25;12:625191. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.625191. eCollection 2021.
To analyze how individual characteristics and the social context are associated with mental distress symptoms in the Brazilian population. A multilevel cross-sectional study with data from the 2013 National Health Survey. There were two dependent variables: (a) decreased vital energy and somatic symptoms, (b) the presence of depressive thoughts. The independent variables were biological characteristics, education and income, habits and lifestyle, and context variables. Bivariate analysis was performed, and Prevalence Ratios calculated in a Poisson Regression (95% CI). A multilevel Poisson Regression was performed to verify the effect of individual and contextual variables. Regarding depressive thoughts, young and middle-aged individuals, low education, women, absence of partner, smokers or former smokers, and absence of health insurance were the categories at highest risk; belonging to classes D-E and living in states with lower expected years of schooling proved to be protective factors. Similar results were found for the second outcome. Symptoms of mental distress were associated with the individual characteristics and contextual aspects of the federation unit. These findings indicate the importance of strengthening psychosocial care aimed at vulnerable groups.
分析个人特征和社会背景如何与巴西人群的精神痛苦症状相关联。一项基于2013年全国健康调查数据的多层次横断面研究。有两个因变量：（a）活力下降和躯体症状，（b）抑郁想法的存在。自变量包括生物学特征、教育程度和收入、习惯和生活方式以及背景变量。进行了双变量分析，并在泊松回归中计算患病率比（95%置信区间）。进行了多层次泊松回归以验证个体和背景变量的影响。关于抑郁想法，年轻人和中年人、低教育程度、女性、没有伴侣、吸烟者或曾经吸烟者以及没有医疗保险的人群风险最高；属于D-E类阶层以及生活在预期受教育年限较低的州被证明是保护因素。第二个结果也发现了类似的结果。精神痛苦症状与联邦单位的个体特征和背景因素相关。这些发现表明加强针对弱势群体的心理社会护理的重要性。
