Parsons Leandra, Ren Ying, Yobi Abou, Angelovici Ruthie, Rodriguez Oscar, Holding David R
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Center for Plant Science Innovation - Beadle Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Mar 24;12:658456. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.658456. eCollection 2021.
Quality Protein Popcorn (QPP) BCF inbred lines were produced through an interpopulation breeding system between Quality Protein Maize dent (QPM) and elite popcorn germplasm. In 2019, five QPP F hybrids were selected for further evaluation due to superior agronomics, endosperm protein quality, and popping quality traits. Though these BCF QPP hybrids were phenotypically similar to their popcorn parents, the QPP cultivars conveyed slightly inferior popping characteristics when compared to the original popcorn germplasm. The objective of this study was twofold. First, BCF inbred lines were crossed to their popcorn parents and BCF inbred lines were produced for hybridization to test the agronomic, protein, and popping trait effects from an additional QPP by popcorn backcross. Second, BC- and BC-hybrids were simultaneously evaluated alongside ConAgra Brands elite cultivars and ranked for potential commercialization in the spring of 2020. These 10 QPP hybrids were grown alongside five ConAgra Brands elite popcorn cultivars in three locations and agronomic, protein quality, and popping quality traits were evaluated. Significant improvements in popcorn quality traits were observed in the QPP BC cultivars compared to their BC counterparts, and yield averages were significantly lower in BC-derived QPP hybrids compared to the BC population. Protein quality traits were not significantly different between QPP backcrossing populations and significantly superior to ConAgra elite popcorn varieties. Utilizing a previously published ranking system, six QPP hybrids, three from the BCF population and three from the BCF population, were evaluated as candidates for final selection. The successful evaluation and ranking system methodology employed is transferable to other hybrid production and testing programs. Incorporating this analysis with concurrent sensory studies, two QPP hybrids were chosen as premier cultivars for potential commercialization.
优质蛋白爆米花（QPP）BCF自交系是通过优质蛋白马齿玉米（QPM）与优良爆米花种质之间的群体间育种系统培育而成。2019年，由于具有优良的农艺性状、胚乳蛋白质品质和爆裂品质性状，五个QPP F1杂种被选作进一步评估。尽管这些BCF QPP杂种在表型上与其爆米花亲本相似，但与原始爆米花种质相比，QPP品种的爆裂特性略逊一筹。本研究有两个目的。首先，将BCF自交系与其爆米花亲本杂交，并培育BCF自交系用于杂交，以测试额外的QPP与爆米花回交产生的农艺、蛋白质和爆裂性状效应。其次，将BC1和BC2杂种与康尼格拉品牌的优良品种同时进行评估，并在2020年春季对其进行潜在商业化排名。这10个QPP杂种与五个康尼格拉品牌的优良爆米花品种在三个地点种植，并对农艺、蛋白质品质和爆裂品质性状进行评估。与BC1代对应品种相比，QPP BC2品种的爆米花品质性状有显著改善，与BC1群体相比，BC1代衍生的QPP杂种的平均产量显著较低。QPP回交群体之间的蛋白质品质性状没有显著差异，且显著优于康尼格拉优良爆米花品种。利用先前公布的排名系统，对六个QPP杂种（三个来自BCF1群体，三个来自BCF2群体）进行评估，作为最终选择的候选品种。所采用的成功评估和排名系统方法可转移到其他杂种生产和测试项目中。将该分析与同期的感官研究相结合，选择了两个QPP杂种作为潜在商业化的优良品种。
