Ren Ying, Yobi Abou, Marshall Leandra, Angelovici Ruthie, Rodriguez Oscar, Holding David R
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Center for Plant Science Innovation - Beadle Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Dec 6;9:1803. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01803. eCollection 2018.
Introducing traits from dent corn to popcorn is challenging because it is difficult to recover adequate popping characteristics. QPM (Quality Protein Maize) is a dent corn variety carrying the () mutation, specifying increased amounts of normally limiting essential amino acids, and modifier genes which restore the wild type vitreous kernel phenotype. In this study, we introgressed and selected for endosperm modification using vitreousness and high 27-kD gamma zein content. In this way, we recovered high-lysine, fully poppable Quality Protein Popcorn (QPP). BCF individuals with vitreous kernels were confirmed to be mutants by both genotyping and SDS-PAGE. Amino acid profiling of BCF individuals showed that they all have significantly increased lysine compared with popcorn parental lines. Principal Component Analysis of the amino acid profiles showed that all introgressions were grouped with corresponding QPM parental lines. Popping analysis of the BCF individuals showed that while there is variability in popping volume between lines, some lines show equivalent popping to the popcorn parent. In this proof-of-concept study for QPP, we have shown that it is possible to rapidly recover sufficient popcorn characteristics in a modified background using simple phenotypic, biochemical and genetic selection. Furthermore, this shows increased γ-zein is an acceptable substitute for α-zein for full poppability. Since we have developed multiple QPP introgressions, this gives good scope for ongoing hybrid production and future evaluation of agronomic performance and selection of elite hybrids. In a wider context, this study shows the potential for breeding beneficial traits into popcorn for agronomic improvement.
将马齿玉米的性状导入爆米花具有挑战性，因为很难恢复足够的爆裂特性。优质蛋白玉米（QPM）是一种马齿玉米品种，携带（）突变，该突变可使通常含量有限的必需氨基酸增加，同时还有修饰基因可恢复野生型玻璃质籽粒表型。在本研究中，我们利用玻璃质化和高含量的27-kDγ-玉米醇溶蛋白进行胚乳修饰的渐渗和选择。通过这种方式，我们获得了高赖氨酸、完全可爆裂的优质蛋白爆米花（QPP）。通过基因分型和SDS-PAGE证实，具有玻璃质籽粒的BCF个体为突变体。BCF个体的氨基酸分析表明，与爆米花亲本系相比，它们的赖氨酸含量均显著增加。氨基酸谱的主成分分析表明，所有渐渗系均与相应的QPM亲本系聚类。对BCF个体的爆裂分析表明，虽然各品系之间的爆裂体积存在差异，但一些品系的爆裂效果与爆米花亲本相当。在这项QPP概念验证研究中，我们表明，利用简单的表型、生化和遗传选择，有可能在改良的背景下快速恢复足够的爆米花特性。此外，这表明增加的γ-玉米醇溶蛋白是α-玉米醇溶蛋白实现完全可爆裂性的可接受替代物。由于我们已经培育出多个QPP渐渗系，这为持续的杂交种生产以及未来农艺性能评估和优良杂交种选择提供了广阔空间。在更广泛的背景下，本研究展示了将有益性状导入爆米花以改良农艺性状的潜力。
