Ebrahimisadr Parisa, Bakhshandeh Zahra, Majidiani Hamidreza
Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
Departments of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Bioimpacts. 2021;11(2):129-133. doi: 10.34172/bi.2021.20. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
Thalassemia is associated with a genetic decline in the rate of synthesis of one or more types of natural hemoglobin polypeptide chains. One of the major complications in thalassemia patients is alloimmunization, which is antibody production by the patient against transfused red blood cells (RBCs). These RBCs are unknown by the recipient and the formed antibodies against them are called alloantibodies. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of alloantibodies against RBCs in beta-thalassemia patients referred to Tehran Regional Blood Transfusion Center. In this study, antibody screening tests (Dia-cell I, II, and III) were performed on 184 thalassemia patients. An identification test by the Dia panel consisting of 11 different O RBCs groups to examine sera with Dia cells (I, II, or III) was performed. In our study, males and females patients comprised 66 (35.87%) and 118 (64.13%), respectively, of whom 116 (63%) had alloimmunization. In addition, 68 thalassemia subjects (37%) lacked alloantibodies. Among 184 patients with beta-thalassemia major, anti-K (Kell system), anti-D, and anti-E (Rhesus system) had the most abundant alloantibody variants with an incidence of 24 (13%), 11 (5.98%), and 10 (5.4%), respectively. Before RBC transfusion, regular RBC antigen phenotypes, as well as problem-solving of alloantibody production by receiving compatible blood for Kell and RH subgroups, are suggested for all cases of transfusion-derived thalassemia.
地中海贫血与一种或多种天然血红蛋白多肽链合成速率的遗传性下降有关。地中海贫血患者的主要并发症之一是同种免疫，即患者针对输入的红细胞（RBC）产生抗体。这些红细胞对于受者来说是未知的，针对它们形成的抗体被称为同种抗体。本研究旨在评估转诊至德黑兰地区输血中心的β地中海贫血患者中针对红细胞的同种抗体频率。在本研究中，对184例地中海贫血患者进行了抗体筛查试验（Dia-cell I、II和III）。通过由11个不同的O红细胞组组成的Dia板进行鉴定试验，以检测含有Dia细胞（I、II或III）的血清。在我们的研究中，男性和女性患者分别为66例（35.87%）和118例（64.13%），其中116例（63%）发生了同种免疫。此外，68例地中海贫血受试者（37%）缺乏同种抗体。在184例重型β地中海贫血患者中，抗-K（凯尔血型系统）、抗-D和抗-E（恒河猴血型系统）是最常见的同种抗体变体，发生率分别为24例（13%）、11例（5.98%）和10例（5.4%）。对于所有输血引起的地中海贫血病例，建议在红细胞输血前常规检测红细胞抗原表型，并通过输注与凯尔和RH亚群相容的血液来解决同种抗体产生的问题。
