Derbyshire Emma J, Calder Philip C
Nutritional Insight, London, United Kingdom.
Faculty of Medicine, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Front Nutr. 2021 Mar 25;8:652469. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.652469. eCollection 2021.
Upper and lower respiratory tract infections are among the most common infections globally, and in the United Kingdom, they account for about half of all oral antibiotics prescribed. Antibiotic overuse and the emergence of "superbugs" that are resistant to their effects is a global problem that is becoming a serious concern. Considering this, the potential role of immunonutrition as a "prehabilitation" in helping to tackle bacterial infections and reduce over-reliance on antibiotic usage is gaining interest. This narrative mini-review summarizes current knowledge on the roles of certain nutrients in helping to modulate immune function, with particular focus on vitamin D. Vitamin D supplementation appears to reduce the risk of acute respiratory tract infections and thus could have a valuable role to play in reducing over-reliance on antibiotics. Investment in high-quality trials is needed to further explore this field.
上呼吸道和下呼吸道感染是全球最常见的感染之一，在英国，它们约占所有口服抗生素处方量的一半。抗生素的过度使用以及对其产生耐药性的“超级细菌”的出现是一个全球性问题，正日益引起严重关注。鉴于此，免疫营养作为一种“术前康复”手段在帮助应对细菌感染和减少对抗生素使用的过度依赖方面的潜在作用正受到关注。这篇叙述性小型综述总结了关于某些营养素在调节免疫功能方面作用的现有知识，特别关注维生素D。补充维生素D似乎可以降低急性呼吸道感染的风险，因此在减少对抗生素的过度依赖方面可能发挥重要作用。需要投入高质量的试验来进一步探索这一领域。
