Helmbrecht Lukas, Futscher Moritz H, Muscarella Loreta A, Ehrler Bruno, Noorduin Willem L
AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands.
Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1090 GD, The Netherlands.
Adv Mater. 2021 May;33(20):e2005291. doi: 10.1002/adma.202005291. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
Patterning materials with different properties in a single film is a fundamental challenge and essential for the development of next-generation (opto)electronic functional components. This work introduces the concept of ion exchange lithography and demonstrates spatially controlled patterning of electrically insulating films and semiconductors with tunable optoelectronic properties. In ion exchange lithography, a reactive nanoparticle "canvas" is locally converted by printing ion exchange "inks." To demonstrate the proof of principle, a canvas of insulating nanoporous lead carbonate is spatioselectively converted into semiconducting lead halide perovskites by contact printing an ion exchange precursor ink of methylammonium and formamidinium halides. By selecting the composition of the ink, the photoluminescence wavelength of the perovskite semiconductors is tunable over the entire visible spectrum. A broad palette of conversion inks can be applied on the reactive film by printing with customizable stamp designs, spray-painting with stencils, and painting with a brush to inscribe well-defined patterns with tunable optoelectronic properties in the same canvas. Moreover, the optoelectronic properties of the converted canvas are exploited to fabricate a green light-emitting diode (LED), demonstrating the functionality potential of ion exchange lithography.
在单一薄膜中制备具有不同性质的图案化材料是一项基本挑战，对于下一代（光）电子功能组件的发展至关重要。这项工作引入了离子交换光刻的概念，并展示了具有可调谐光电特性的电绝缘薄膜和半导体的空间控制图案化。在离子交换光刻中，通过印刷离子交换“墨水”，反应性纳米颗粒“画布”被局部转化。为了证明原理，通过接触印刷甲基铵和甲脒卤化物的离子交换前体墨水，将绝缘纳米多孔碳酸铅的画布空间选择性地转化为半导体卤化铅钙钛矿。通过选择墨水的成分，钙钛矿半导体的光致发光波长可在整个可见光谱范围内调谐。通过使用可定制的印章设计进行印刷、用模板进行喷涂以及用刷子进行绘制，可以将多种转化墨水应用于反应性薄膜上，从而在同一画布上刻写出具有可调谐光电特性的明确图案。此外，利用转化后画布的光电特性制造了一个绿色发光二极管（LED），展示了离子交换光刻的功能潜力。
