Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2021;182(5):365-380. doi: 10.1159/000515144. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
T helper (TH) cells have evolved into distinct subsets that mediate specific immune responses to protect the host against a myriad of infectious and noninfectious challenges. However, if dysregulated, TH-cell subsets can cause inflammatory disease. Emerging evidence now suggests that human allergic disease is caused by a distinct subpopulation of pathogenic TH2 cells. Pathogenic TH2 cells from different type-2-driven diseases share a core phenotype and show overlapping functional attributes. The unique differentiation requirements, activating signals, and metabolic characteristics of pathogenic TH2 cells are just being discovered. A better knowledge of this particular TH2 cell population will enable the specific targeting of disease-driving pathways in allergy. In this review, we introduce a rational for classifying TH cells into distinct subsets, discuss the current knowledge on pathogenic TH2 cells, and summarize their involvement in allergic diseases.
辅助性 T 细胞（TH）已进化为不同的亚群，介导针对各种感染和非感染性挑战的特定免疫反应以保护宿主。然而，如果失调，TH 细胞亚群可能会导致炎症性疾病。新出现的证据表明，人类过敏疾病是由致病性 TH2 细胞的一个独特亚群引起的。来自不同 2 型驱动疾病的致病性 TH2 细胞具有共同的表型，并表现出重叠的功能特征。致病性 TH2 细胞的独特分化要求、激活信号和代谢特征才刚刚被发现。更好地了解这一特定的 TH2 细胞群体将能够针对过敏疾病中的驱动途径进行特异性靶向治疗。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了将 TH 细胞分类为不同亚群的合理依据，讨论了目前关于致病性 TH2 细胞的知识，并总结了它们在过敏性疾病中的作用。
