Gąsiorek Piotr, Vončina Katarzyna, Ciosek Joanna, Veloso Mariana, Fontoura Paulo, Michalczyk Łukasz
Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre s/n, FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
Zoological Lett. 2021 Apr 12;7(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s40851-021-00172-0.
Recent years have brought undeniable progress in tardigrade taxonomy, and speciose complexes were detected in a number of phylogenetic lineages. The family Echiniscidae is one such lineage; it is one of the most diverse groups of limno-terrestrial tardigrades and can be characterized as having achieved great evolutionary success. In this contribution, using populations representing several species that originated from the Indomalayan region, we reconstructed phylogenetic affinities within Nebularmis, a recently erected genus within the Echiniscus lineage. Nebularmis auratus sp. nov. and Nebularmis burmensis sp. nov. are described from the Eastern Yoma Mountains and the Shan Hills (Myanmar), Nebularmis bhutanensis sp. nov. is described from the Eastern Himalayas (Bhutan), and Nebularmis indicus sp. nov. is described from the foothills of the Western Ghats (Goa, India). Moreover, males are reported in populations of the last two species. All known members of the genus can be phenotypically differentiated based on minute details of their dorsal sculpture and claws. Moreover, a very wide tropical distribution is demonstrated for Nebularmis cirinoi, recorded for the first time from islands of the Malay Archipelago. Furthemore, novel morphological, genetic, and geographic data allowed for the clarification of the generic diagnosis. Currently available data favor a scenario under which Nebularmis evolved in Southeast Asia and later dispersed to other regions of the globe.
近年来，缓步动物分类学取得了不可否认的进展，在一些系统发育谱系中发现了物种丰富的复合体。棘影熊虫科就是这样一个谱系；它是淡水陆生缓步动物中最多样化的类群之一，其特点是在进化上取得了巨大成功。在本论文中，我们利用代表几个源自东洋区的物种的种群，重建了Nebularmis属内的系统发育亲缘关系，Nebularmis属是棘影熊虫谱系中最近建立的一个属。新物种金色Nebularmis auratus和缅甸Nebularmis burmensis是根据缅甸东吁山脉和掸邦山区的样本描述的，不丹Nebularmis bhutanensis是根据东喜马拉雅山脉（不丹）的样本描述的，印度Nebularmis indicus是根据西高止山脉山麓（印度果阿）的样本描述的。此外，还报道了后两个物种种群中的雄性个体。该属所有已知成员都可以根据其背部纹饰和爪的细微细节进行表型区分。此外，Nebularmis cirinoi在热带地区分布非常广泛，首次在马来群岛的岛屿上被记录到。此外，新的形态学、遗传学和地理数据有助于明确该属的诊断。目前可得的数据支持这样一种推测，即Nebularmis在东南亚进化，随后扩散到全球其他地区。
