Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, P.O Box 50329, Limassol, Cyprus.
Agricultural Research Institute, P.O. Box 22016, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Apr 12;53(2):257. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02706-2.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of short-term forage substitution with ensiled olive cake (OC), on yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of cows' milk. Mid-lactating Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned for 21 days to two isoenergetic and isoproteic feeding treatments (12 animals per treatment), containing 0 and 10% DM of ensiled OC (C and OC groups, respectively). Milk yield was recorded daily, and milk samples were collected at 14 and 21 days of the trial for analyzing the fat, protein, and FA profile of milk. No significant differences were observed in milk yield, protein, and fat nor in protein and fat percentage of milk between groups. However, dietary supplementation with ensiled OC modified the FA profile of cow milk. Feeding cows with ensiled OC resulted in a significant decline of medium-chain FA, while long-chain and mono-unsaturated FA were risen in milk (P < 0.05). Among individual saturated FA, palmitic was particularly reduced, while among individual mono-unsaturated FA, increments of C18:1 cis-9 were demonstrated with the OC treatment (P < 0.05). Although total poly-unsaturated FA were decreased, the concentration of CLA cis-9, trans-11 tended to be elevated with OC feeding (P = 0.06). Overall, short-term forage substitution with ensiled OC improved, beneficially for human health, the lipid profile of milk without adversely affecting milk yield or milk composition of lactating cows.
本研究旨在评估短期用青贮橄榄饼（OC）替代饲料对奶牛产奶量、组成和脂肪酸（FA）谱的影响。泌乳中期的荷斯坦弗里生奶牛随机分为两组，每组 12 头，接受 21 天的两种等能量和等蛋白的饲养处理，分别含有 0%和 10%干物质的青贮 OC（C 组和 OC 组）。每天记录产奶量，并在试验的第 14 天和第 21 天收集牛奶样品，以分析牛奶的脂肪、蛋白质和 FA 谱。两组之间的产奶量、蛋白质和脂肪以及牛奶的蛋白质和脂肪百分比均无显著差异。然而，青贮 OC 的添加改变了牛奶的 FA 谱。用青贮 OC 喂养奶牛导致中链 FA 显著下降，而长链和单不饱和 FA 在牛奶中增加（P < 0.05）。在单个饱和 FA 中，棕榈酸特别减少，而在单个单不饱和 FA 中，OC 处理表现出 C18:1 cis-9 的增加（P < 0.05）。尽管总多不饱和 FA 减少，但 OC 喂养时 CLA cis-9，trans-11 的浓度有升高的趋势（P = 0.06）。总的来说，青贮 OC 的短期替代饲料改善了牛奶的脂质谱，有利于人类健康，而不会对泌乳奶牛的产奶量或牛奶组成产生不利影响。
