Viotti Chloé, Bach Cyrille, Maillard François, Ziegler-Devin Isabelle, Mieszkin Sophie, Buée Marc
Université de Lorraine, INRAE, UMR IAM, Centre INRAE-Grand Est-Nancy, 54280 Champenoux, Nancy, F-54000, France.
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota St. Paul, Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA.
Environ Microbiol. 2021 Oct;23(10):6177-6193. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.15522. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
In forests, bacteria and fungi are key players in wood degradation. Still, studies focusing on bacterial and fungal successions during the decomposition process depending on the wood types (i.e. sapwood and heartwood) remain scarce. This study aimed to understand the effect of wood type on the dynamics of microbial ecological guilds in wood decomposition. Using Illumina metabarcoding, bacterial and fungal communities were monitored every 3 months for 3 years from Quercus petraea wood discs placed on forest soil. Wood density and microbial enzymes involved in biopolymer degradation were measured. We observed rapid changes in the bacterial and fungal communities and microbial ecological guilds associated with wood decomposition throughout the experiment. Bacterial and fungal succession dynamics were very contrasted between sapwood and heartwood. The initial microbial communities were quickly replaced by new bacterial and fungal assemblages in the sapwood. Conversely, some initial functional guilds (i.e. endophytes and yeasts) persisted all along the experiment in heartwood and finally became dominant, possibly limiting the development of saprotrophic fungi. Our data also suggested a significant role of bacteria in nitrogen cycle during wood decomposition.
在森林中，细菌和真菌是木材降解的关键参与者。然而，针对不同木材类型（即边材和心材）在分解过程中细菌和真菌演替的研究仍然匮乏。本研究旨在了解木材类型对木材分解过程中微生物生态群落动态的影响。利用Illumina宏条形码技术，对放置在森林土壤中的栓皮栎木盘进行了为期3年、每3个月一次的细菌和真菌群落监测。同时测量了木材密度以及参与生物聚合物降解的微生物酶。在整个实验过程中，我们观察到与木材分解相关的细菌和真菌群落以及微生物生态群落发生了快速变化。边材和心材之间的细菌和真菌演替动态差异很大。边材中最初的微生物群落很快被新的细菌和真菌组合所取代。相反，一些最初的功能群落（即内生菌和酵母菌）在整个实验过程中在心材中持续存在并最终占据主导地位，这可能限制了腐生真菌的发展。我们的数据还表明，细菌在木材分解过程中的氮循环中发挥着重要作用。
