Feng Xiao, Huang Ya-Lan, Zhang Zhen, Wang Ning, Yao Qing, Pang Li-Juan, Li Feng, Qi Yan
Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine & the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China.
Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine & the First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China.
Pathol Res Pract. 2021 Jun;222:153416. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153416. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an aggressive malignancy of an unknown tissue origin that is characterized by biphasic differentiation. A possible basis of the pathogenesis of SS is pathognomonic t(X;18) (p11.2; q11.2) translocation, leading to the formation and expression of the SYT-SSX fusion gene. More than a quarter of the patients die of SS metastasis within 5 years after the diagnosis, but the pathogenic factors are unknown. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the pathogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and clinical treatment options for SS, especially molecular-targeted drug therapy. Recent studies have shown that the SYT-SSX fusion gene associated with SS may be regulated by different signaling pathways, microRNAs, and other molecules, which may produce stem cell characteristics or promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition, resulting in SS invasion and metastasis. This review article aims to show the relationship between the SYT-SSX fusion gene and the related pathway molecules as well as other molecules involved from different perspectives, which may provide a deeper and clearer understanding of the SYT-SSX fusion gene function. Therefore, this review may provide a more innovative and broader perspective of the current research, treatment options, and prognosis assessment of SS.
滑膜肉瘤（SS）是一种起源不明的侵袭性恶性肿瘤，其特征为双相分化。滑膜肉瘤发病机制的一个可能基础是特征性的t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2)易位，导致SYT-SSX融合基因的形成和表达。超过四分之一的患者在诊断后5年内死于滑膜肉瘤转移，但其致病因素尚不清楚。因此，迫切需要探索滑膜肉瘤的发病机制、侵袭、转移及临床治疗方案，尤其是分子靶向药物治疗。最近的研究表明，与滑膜肉瘤相关的SYT-SSX融合基因可能受不同信号通路、微小RNA及其他分子的调控，这可能产生干细胞特征或促进上皮-间质转化，从而导致滑膜肉瘤的侵袭和转移。这篇综述文章旨在从不同角度展示SYT-SSX融合基因与相关通路分子以及其他相关分子之间的关系，这可能会让人对SYT-SSX融合基因的功能有更深入、更清晰的理解。因此，本综述可能为滑膜肉瘤目前的研究、治疗方案及预后评估提供一个更具创新性和更广阔的视角。
