Shulman D G, Ferguson G R
Division of the Social Sciences, Fordham University, College at Lincoln Center, New York, New York 10023.
J Clin Psychol. 1988 May;44(3):445-51. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198805)44:3<445::aid-jclp2270440322>3.0.co;2-z.
This article presents data from a double-blind experimental study of the comparative validity of specific premises of Kernberg's and Kohut's theories of narcissism. The Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) was administered to 70 undergraduates. Thirteen of the 14 most narcissistic subjects (from the NPI data) participated in three experimental sessions during which the subject was exposed to one of three subliminal stimuli administered tachistoscopically. Each of the experimental stimuli represented an aspect of Kernberg's or Kohut's clinical theory of narcissism. A third stimulus contained neutral content and served as a control. After each tachistoscopic administration, the Narcissism-Projective (N-P) and the Self Focus Sentence Completion (SFSC), measures designed to assess narcissism and egocentricity, were administered. Results indicate that the Kernberg stimulus demonstrated a significant effect on the subject's narcissism and egocentricity (p less than .01). The stimulus that represented Kohut's theory did not demonstrate any statistically significant effect. It is concluded that methodologically rigorous investigations of psychoanalytical questions of theoretical and clinical significance are possible and necessary.
本文展示了一项双盲实验研究的数据，该研究旨在比较克恩伯格和科胡特自恋理论特定前提的有效性。自恋人格问卷（NPI）被施用于70名本科生。14名最自恋的受试者（根据NPI数据）中有13人参加了三个实验环节，在此期间，受试者通过速示器接受三种阈下刺激之一。每种实验刺激都代表了克恩伯格或科胡特自恋临床理论的一个方面。第三种刺激包含中性内容，用作对照。每次速示器呈现刺激后，都会进行自恋投射（N-P）和自我聚焦句子完成（SFSC）测试，这两项测试旨在评估自恋和自我中心倾向。结果表明，克恩伯格刺激对受试者的自恋和自我中心倾向产生了显著影响（p小于0.01）。代表科胡特理论的刺激未显示出任何统计学上的显著影响。研究得出结论，对具有理论和临床意义的精神分析问题进行方法严谨的调查是可能且必要的。
