[Intraoperative angiography in carotid artery reconstruction-Pathological findings, reliability and importance of the procedure].

AIM

To investigate the value of intraoperative angiography and its ad hoc evaluation with respect to cases of surgical technical inaccessibility.

METHODS

Overall, 523 consecutive carotid artery thrombendarterectomy (TEA) patients with intraoperative control angiography, postoperative color-coded duplex sonography and retrospective re-evaluation of documented angiographic images were included in the evaluation.

RESULTS

In the retrospective angiographic re-evaluation 23 (4.4%) occlusions or high-grade stenoses of the common carotid artery (CCA) or internal carotid artery (ICA) in the surgical field (12, 2.3%) or of downstream ICA or middle cerebral artery (MCA, 11, 2.1%) were detected. The detection rate was significantly lower in the intraoperative ad hoc evaluation with overall only 13 (2.5%) detected pathologies (7, 1.3% in the surgical field, 6, 1.1% in large downstream arteries, p=0.002). Postoperative duplex sonography performed in 505 patients detected 50 cases (10.1%) of local surgical technical inaccessibility, which was significantly more than in the angiography (p<0.001). In most cases these were nonocclusive, low-grade stenosing detachments of the intima media (n=19), 13 suture contractions, and 14 kinking/abrupt diameter changes at the distal end of the patch. Suture contractions and kinking/diameter changes were associated with a left-sided TEA (adjusted odds ratio, OR 2.4, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.1-5.1), an operation without a patch (adjusted OR, 16.6, 95% CI 1.3-215.0), and using Dacron patches in contrast to PTFE patches (adjusted OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.4-6.6).

CONCLUSION

The ad hoc evaluation of intraoperative completion angiography by surgeons missed a substantial number also of occluding and severely stenosing pathologies. Angiography is not suitable for the detection of nonocclusive and low-grade stenosing cases of operative inaccessibility. Postoperative color-coded duplex sonography is an adequate tool for surgical quality control.