1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.
2General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
J Behav Addict. 2021 Apr 13;10(2):208-222. doi: 10.1556/2006.2021.00013. Print 2021 Jul 15.
Consensus in acknowledging compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD) as a distinct diagnosis has been lacking. Before research in this area can be advanced, it is necessary to establish diagnostic criteria in order to facilitate field trials.
The study consisted of the following phases: (1) operationalization of a broad range of potential diagnostic criteria for CBSD, (2) two iterative rounds of data collection using the Delphi method, where consensus of potential diagnostic criteria for CBSD was reached by an international expert panel, and (3) interpretation of findings taking into account the degree of certainty amongst experts regarding their responses.
With respect to diagnostic criteria, there was clear expert consensus about inclusion of the persistent and recurrent experience of (a) intrusive and/or irresistible urges and/or impulses and/or cravings and/or preoccupations for buying/shopping; (b) diminished control over buying/shopping; (c) excessive purchasing of items without utilizing them for their intended purposes, (d) use of buying-shopping to regulate internal states; (e) negative consequences and impairment in important areas of functioning due to buying/shopping; (f) emotional and cognitive symptoms upon cessation of excessive buying/shopping; and (g) maintenance or escalation of dysfunctional buying/shopping behaviors despite negative consequences. Furthermore, support was found for a specifier related to the presence of excessive hoarding of purchased items.
The proposed diagnostic criteria can be used as the basis for the development of diagnostic interviews and measures of CBSD severity.
对于强迫性购买-购物障碍（CBSD）作为一种独特的诊断，尚未达成共识。在推进该领域的研究之前，有必要制定诊断标准，以促进现场试验。
该研究包括以下阶段：（1）对 CBSD 的广泛潜在诊断标准进行操作化；（2）使用 Delphi 方法进行两轮迭代数据收集，国际专家小组就 CBSD 的潜在诊断标准达成共识；（3）考虑专家对其回应的确定性程度，对研究结果进行解释。
在诊断标准方面，专家对于以下标准的纳入达成了明确共识：（a）持续且反复出现的强烈冲动和/或不可抗拒的冲动和/或冲动和/或渴望和/或对购买/购物的关注；（b）对购买/购物的控制减弱；（c）过度购买物品而不将其用于预期用途；（d）使用购买/购物来调节内部状态；（e）因购买/购物而导致重要功能领域的负面后果和受损；（f）停止过度购买/购物后出现的情绪和认知症状；以及（g）尽管存在负面后果，但维持或升级功能失调的购买/购物行为。此外，还支持与购买物品的过度囤积有关的特定标准。
拟议的诊断标准可作为制定 CBSD 严重程度的诊断访谈和测量的基础。
