Pollock Noel, Kelly Shane, Lee Justin, Stone Ben, Giakoumis Michael, Polglass George, Brown James, MacDonald Ben
Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London, UK
National Performance Institute, British Athletics Science and Medicine Team, Loughborough, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2022 Mar;56(5):257-263. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-103791. Epub 2021 Apr 14.
The British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC) correlates with return to play in muscle injury. The aim of this study was to examine hamstring injury diagnoses and outcomes within elite track and field athletes following implementation of the British Athletics hamstring rehabilitation approach.
All hamstring injuries sustained by elite track and field athletes on the British Athletics World Class Programme between December 2015 and November 2019 that underwent an MRI and had British Athletics medical team prescribed rehabilitation were included. Athlete demographics and specific injury details, including mechanism of injury, self-reported gait phase, MRI characteristics and time to return to full training (TRFT) were contemporaneously recorded.
70 hamstring injuries in 46 athletes (24 women and 22 men, 24.6±3.7 years) were included. BAMIC grade and the intratendon c classification correlated with increased TRFT. Mean TRFT was 18.6 days for the entire cohort. Mean TRFT for intratendon classifications was 34±7 days (2c) and 48±17 days (3c). The overall reinjury rate was 2.9% and no reinjuries were sustained in the intratendon classifications. MRI variables of length and cross-sectional (CSA) area of muscle oedema, CSA of tendon injury and loss of tendon tension were associated with TRFT. Longitudinal length of tendon injury, in the intratendon classes, was not associated with TRFT.
The application of BAMIC to inform hamstring rehabilitation in British Athletics results in low reinjury rates and favourable TRFT following hamstring injury. The key MRI variables associated with longer recovery are length and CSA of muscle oedema, CSA of tendon injury and loss of tendon tension.
英国田径肌肉损伤分类法（BAMIC）与肌肉损伤后的重返赛场情况相关。本研究的目的是在实施英国田径队的腘绳肌康复方法后，检查精英田径运动员的腘绳肌损伤诊断及结果。
纳入2015年12月至2019年11月期间在英国田径世界级项目中遭受腘绳肌损伤、接受了MRI检查并由英国田径医疗队规定进行康复治疗的所有精英田径运动员。同时记录运动员的人口统计学数据和具体损伤细节，包括损伤机制、自我报告的步态阶段、MRI特征以及完全恢复训练的时间（TRFT）。
纳入了46名运动员（24名女性和22名男性，年龄24.6±3.7岁）的70例腘绳肌损伤。BAMIC分级和肌腱内c分类与TRFT增加相关。整个队列的平均TRFT为18.6天。肌腱内分类的平均TRFT为34±7天（2c）和48±17天（3c）。总体再损伤率为2.9%，肌腱内分类中未发生再损伤。肌肉水肿的长度和横截面积（CSA）、肌腱损伤CSA以及肌腱张力丧失等MRI变量与TRFT相关。在肌腱内分类中，肌腱损伤的纵向长度与TRFT无关。
在英国田径队中应用BAMIC指导腘绳肌康复，可使腘绳肌损伤后的再损伤率较低且TRFT良好。与较长恢复时间相关的关键MRI变量是肌肉水肿的长度和CSA、肌腱损伤CSA以及肌腱张力丧失。
