Yamauchi Takashi, Suka Machi, Yanagisawa Hiroyuki
Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine.
Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi. 2022 Mar 25;64(2):69-80. doi: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.2020-050-B. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
We examined factors regarding help-seeking intentions in terms of the balance between treatment and job content among Japanese employees working for small- and medium-sized enterprises. In doing so, we focused upon a cooperative organizational culture and workers' attitudes toward seeking help from others.
We conducted a web-based survey on cooperative organizational culture, workers' attitudes toward help-seeking, and job-related factors via a representative sample of Japanese employees in terms of industry and company size. Participants included 3,286 full-time employees aged 20-64 years who had not had a history of sick leave beyond one month or health-related work restrictions. After they were provided a leaflet regarding the balance between treatment and job content - as advocated by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare - participants were asked to answer their intention of help-seeking in an imaginary situation where they had been diagnosed as having a severe physical illness. We conducted multivariate logistic regression analysis using cooperative organizational culture and workers' attitudes toward help-seeking as explanatory variables, and the intention of help-seeking as the dependent variable, adjusted for relevant job-related and demographic variables.
Approximately 75% of participants reported an active intention to seek help regarding the balance between treatment and job content. Those who reported the highest levels of cooperative organizational culture revealed the intention of seeking out help significantly more frequently than those who reported the lowest levels of cooperative organizational culture in the workplace (odds ratio: 1.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-1.9). Similarly, those with the highest attitude reported help-seeking intentions significantly more frequently (odds ratio: 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-1.7). Other job-related factors - such as the presence/absence of consultation desks or occupational health staff - were also significantly associated with the intention to seek help.
Our findings suggest that an increase in awareness of the system regarding the balance between treatment and job content may enhance workers' intention to seek help regarding their health-related issues. After the adjustment of relevant job-related factors, cooperative organizational culture and workers' attitudes toward help-seeking were significantly associated with the intention to seek help. For those who are passive in seeking help regarding their health-related issues despite their awareness of the support system, the enhancement of a cooperative organizational culture, along with a positive attitude toward help-seeking via workplace improvement programs and in-company training, may promote the intention of help-seeking among employees working for small- and medium-sized companies.
我们研究了日本中小企业员工在治疗与工作内容平衡方面寻求帮助意愿的相关因素。在此过程中，我们重点关注合作型组织文化以及员工向他人寻求帮助的态度。
我们通过一个在行业和公司规模方面具有代表性的日本员工样本，对合作型组织文化、员工寻求帮助的态度以及与工作相关的因素进行了网络调查。参与者包括3286名年龄在20 - 64岁之间、没有超过一个月病假历史或与健康相关工作限制的全职员工。在向他们提供了一份关于日本厚生劳动省所倡导的治疗与工作内容平衡的宣传册后，要求参与者回答在被诊断患有严重身体疾病的假想情况下他们寻求帮助的意愿。我们使用合作型组织文化和员工寻求帮助的态度作为解释变量，以寻求帮助的意愿作为因变量，并对相关的工作相关变量和人口统计学变量进行调整后，进行多变量逻辑回归分析。
约75%的参与者表示在治疗与工作内容平衡方面有积极寻求帮助的意愿。那些报告合作型组织文化水平最高的人比那些报告工作场所合作型组织文化水平最低的人更频繁地表现出寻求帮助的意愿（优势比：1.5，95%置信区间：1.1 - 1.9）。同样，态度最积极的人寻求帮助意愿的报告频率也显著更高（优势比：1.4，95%置信区间：1.1 - 1.7）。其他与工作相关的因素，如是否设有咨询台或职业健康人员，也与寻求帮助的意愿显著相关。
我们的研究结果表明，提高对治疗与工作内容平衡系统的认识可能会增强员工就与健康相关问题寻求帮助的意愿。在调整相关工作相关因素后，合作型组织文化和员工寻求帮助的态度与寻求帮助的意愿显著相关。对于那些尽管了解支持系统但在与健康相关问题上寻求帮助较为被动的人，通过工作场所改进计划和公司内部培训来增强合作型组织文化以及对寻求帮助持积极态度，可能会促进中小企业员工寻求帮助的意愿。
