Sorsa Abebe, Habtamu Ashenafi, Kaso Muhammedawel
Arsi University College of Health Science, Asella, Ethiopia.
Pediatric Health Med Ther. 2021 Apr 6;12:177-187. doi: 10.2147/PHMT.S293261. eCollection 2021.
Globally, anemia is a public health problem affecting children living in both developed and developing countries with bad consequences on children's cognitive, social, and economic development.
To assess the prevalence and predictors of anemia among children aged 6-23 months residing at Dodota district, Southeast Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January-July 2019, at Dodota district, in Southeast Ethiopia. Multistage, random, and systematic sampling techniques were employed to recruit households and study participants. Trained community health extension workers were involved in the data collection. Data were entered into Epi_info 7.2.2 for clean-up and exported to SPSS 21 for analysis. Frequency and proportion were used to describe nominal and ordinal variables. Mean with SD were used to describe continuous variables. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess correlation between numeric variables. Regressional analysis was used to assess factors predicting the occurrence of anemia. <0.05 with 95% CI was considered significant.
A total of 917 children were included and the prevalence of anemia was found to be 407 (44.4%, 95% CI=41.1-47.4). When stratified to age category, the prevalence of anemia was highest among the age group of 6-12 months. Lack of ANC visits, lack of iron supplementation during pregnancy, untimely initiation of complementary feeding, and initiation of cow's milk before 1 year of age were factors associated with anemia.
The prevalence of anemia was at the level of major public health problems. Antenatal and obstetric factors as well as child feeding practices were risk factors associated with anemia; and utilizing obstetric and childcare practices is highly recommended to mitigate this public health problem.
在全球范围内，贫血是一个影响发达国家和发展中国家儿童的公共卫生问题，对儿童的认知、社交和经济发展产生不良后果。
评估埃塞俄比亚东南部多多塔区6至23个月大儿童贫血的患病率及其预测因素。
2019年1月至7月在埃塞俄比亚东南部的多多塔区进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段、随机和系统抽样技术招募家庭和研究参与者。经过培训的社区卫生推广工作者参与了数据收集。数据录入Epi_info 7.2.2进行清理，然后导出到SPSS 21进行分析。频率和比例用于描述名义变量和有序变量。均值和标准差用于描述连续变量。Pearson相关系数用于评估数值变量之间的相关性。回归分析用于评估预测贫血发生的因素。P<0.05且95%置信区间被认为具有统计学意义。
共纳入917名儿童，贫血患病率为407例（44.4%，95%CI=41.1-47.4）。按年龄分层后，6至12个月年龄组的贫血患病率最高。未进行产前检查、孕期未补充铁剂、辅食添加不及时以及1岁前开始饮用牛奶是与贫血相关的因素。
贫血患病率处于重大公共卫生问题的水平。产前和产科因素以及儿童喂养方式是与贫血相关的危险因素；强烈建议利用产科和儿童保健措施来缓解这一公共卫生问题。
