Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 May 4;55(9):6076-6086. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07603. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
Despite the popularity of smartphones worldwide, persistent toxic substances (PTSs) in protective cases of mobile phones (PCMPs) and their health risks via direct skin contact have been ignored. This study investigated PTSs in PCMPs made in China with different materials and sales territory and their potential harm to human health. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs, 6.40 ng/g), new brominated flame retardants (NBFRs, 144 ng/g), organophosphate esters (OPEs, 10.1 μg/g), short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs, 3.58 μg/g), medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs, 3.17 μg/g), and heavy metals (HMs, 72.3 μg/g) were detected. It was found that the different concentrations and compositions depend on the material, region, and use. Moreover, the raw materials used to fabricate PCMPs are of variable quality and may include recycled plastic waste. There are no standard quality specifications for PCMPs, and different materials have different properties, including specific surface area and adsorption ability. The risk assessment performed by Monte Carlo simulations indicated that the PTSs evaluated pose no health risks to the general population and may have adverse effects on individual high-exposure populations. According to the results of this work, it is suggested that more stringent global specifications for the selection of raw materials should be established, including the content and structural characteristics of PTSs, limitations on the use of additives in the production process, and the handling after use.
尽管智能手机在全球范围内广受欢迎，但手机保护壳中持续存在的有毒物质（PTSs）及其通过直接皮肤接触对健康造成的风险一直被忽视。本研究调查了中国制造的不同材料和销售地区的手机保护壳中的 PTSs 及其对人类健康的潜在危害。研究发现，多溴二苯醚（PBDEs，6.40ng/g）、新型溴化阻燃剂（NBFRs，144ng/g）、磷酸酯（OPEs，10.1μg/g）、短链氯化石蜡（SCCPs，3.58μg/g）、中链氯化石蜡（MCCPs，3.17μg/g）和重金属（HMs，72.3μg/g）的浓度和组成取决于材料、地区和用途。此外，用于制造 PCMPs 的原材料质量参差不齐，可能包含再生塑料废物。PCMPs 没有标准的质量规格，不同的材料具有不同的特性，包括比表面积和吸附能力。蒙特卡罗模拟风险评估表明，评估的 PTSs 对一般人群没有健康风险，但可能对个体高暴露人群产生不利影响。根据这项工作的结果，建议为原材料的选择制定更严格的全球规范，包括 PTSs 的含量和结构特征、生产过程中添加剂使用的限制以及使用后的处理。
