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多功能超小 AgNP 水凝胶加速金黄色葡萄球菌感染伤口的愈合。

Multifunctional ultrasmall AgNP hydrogel accelerates healing of S. aureus infected wounds.

机构信息

UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.

Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.

出版信息

Acta Biomater. 2021 Jul 1;128:420-434. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.007. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Abstract

The increasing emergence of antibiotic resistance coupled with the limited effectiveness of current treatments highlights the need for the development of new treatment modalities. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a promising alternative with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. However, the clinical translation of AgNPs have been hampered primarily due to the delivery of unsafe levels of silver ions (Ag) resulting in cellular toxicity and their susceptibility to aggregation resulting in loss of efficacy. Here, we describe a safe and effective, thermo-responsive AgNP hydrogel that provides antibacterial effects in conjunction with wound promoting properties. Using a murine model of wound infection, we demonstrate that the applied AgNP hydrogel to the wound (12 µg silver) not only provides superior bactericidal activity but also reduces inflammation leading to accelerated wound closure when compared to industry-standard silver sulfadiazine (302 µg silver). The AgNP hydrogel-treatment significantly accelerated wound closure at day 4 post-infection (56 closure) compared to both blank hydrogel or Ag SD (74% and 91% closure respectively) with a concurrent increase in PCNA-positive proliferating cells corresponding with a significant 32% improvement in wound re-epithelization compared to the blank hydrogel. Treatment of infected wounds with AgNP hydrogel also decreased neutrophil infiltration, increased anti-inflammatory Ym-1 positive M2 macrophages, and reduced the number of caspase-1 positive apoptotic cells. Therefore, this novel multifunctional AgNP thermo-responsive hydrogel is potentially a safe and effective treatment at much lower concentration for the treatment of wound infections. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we describe the development of a multifunctional thermo-responsive hydrogel of ultrasmall silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for controlled and optimized delivery of silver to infected wounds. The in vivo biological effects of the developed hydrogel showed significant S. aureus elimination from infected mouse wounds compared to a commercial antibacterial formulation. The developed AgNP hydrogel optimally regulates inflammatory responses to promote wound healing as indicated by increased cell proliferation and wound re-epithelization. Additionally, AgNP hydrogel shows significant potential in regulating neutrophil infiltration while increasing levels of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages and reduces the number of apoptotic cells. Therefore, the multifunctional properties of the developed AgNP thermo-responsive hydrogel offers great clinical potential to control bacterial infections and promote wound healing.

摘要

抗生素耐药性的不断出现,加上当前治疗方法效果有限,这凸显了开发新治疗方法的必要性。纳米银颗粒(AgNPs)是一种很有前途的替代品,具有广谱抗菌活性。然而,AgNPs 的临床转化主要受到不安全水平的银离子(Ag)的输送的阻碍,这会导致细胞毒性,并且它们容易聚集,导致疗效丧失。在这里,我们描述了一种安全有效的热响应 AgNP 水凝胶,它具有抗菌作用,并具有促进伤口愈合的特性。在小鼠伤口感染模型中,我们证明将 AgNP 水凝胶应用于伤口(12μg 银)不仅提供了卓越的杀菌活性,而且还减少了炎症,与行业标准的磺胺嘧啶银(302μg 银)相比,加速了伤口闭合。与空白水凝胶或 Ag SD 相比,AgNP 水凝胶治疗在感染后第 4 天显著加速了伤口闭合(分别为 56%和 74%和 91%的闭合),同时增殖细胞 PCNA 阳性细胞数量增加,与空白水凝胶相比,伤口再上皮化的速度提高了 32%。用 AgNP 水凝胶治疗感染伤口还减少了中性粒细胞浸润,增加了抗炎性 Ym-1 阳性 M2 巨噬细胞,并减少了 caspase-1 阳性凋亡细胞的数量。因此,这种新型多功能 AgNP 热响应水凝胶在治疗伤口感染方面具有较低的浓度,可能是一种安全有效的治疗方法。

意义声明

在这项研究中,我们描述了一种多功能热响应水凝胶的开发,该水凝胶由超小的银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)组成,用于将银可控地递送到感染的伤口中。所开发的水凝胶的体内生物学效应表明,与商业抗菌制剂相比,其能从感染的小鼠伤口中显著消除金黄色葡萄球菌。与商业抗菌制剂相比,所开发的 AgNP 水凝胶能最佳地调节炎症反应,促进伤口愈合,表现为细胞增殖和伤口再上皮化增加。此外,AgNP 水凝胶在调节中性粒细胞浸润的同时,显示出增加抗炎性 M2 巨噬细胞水平和减少凋亡细胞数量的显著潜力。因此,所开发的 AgNP 热响应水凝胶的多功能特性为控制细菌感染和促进伤口愈合提供了巨大的临床潜力。

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