Zhang Serena Yunran, Demant Jakob
Department of Sociology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Sociology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2021 Nov;40(7):1369-1376. doi: 10.1111/dar.13295. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
The increasing trend of synthetic drug use has been a significant concern in China. The current research adopted a gendered perspective to examine the effects of self-control, drug-use peers and family attachment on drug use frequency in China.
This cross-sectional survey research recruited 785 people who used drugs from four compulsory drug rehabilitation institutions in Guangdong and Shandong Province of China in 2018. Ordinary least squares regression analyses were conducted to examine the gendered effects of self-control (Grasmick et al.'s cognitive scale), drug-use peers and family attachment on drug use frequency.
Low self-control was neither a significant nor gendered predictor of drug use frequency when controlling for effects of drug-use peers and family attachment. Drug-use peers strongly increased participants' drug use frequency, regardless of gender. However, an important finding is that for males, support from families reduced drug use frequency but conversely meeting and contact with families increased drug use frequency. For females, only trust in families prevented their further involvement in drug use.
Low self-control may not be a core explanatory factor for drug use behaviours in China. Thus, treatment programs should focus more on skills building than self-control. Future programs could focus more on reducing association with their drug-use peers and further explore the complex relationships with their families. Gender should be considered in treatment options.
合成毒品使用的增加趋势在中国一直是一个重大问题。当前的研究采用性别视角来考察自我控制、吸毒同伴和家庭依恋对中国吸毒频率的影响。
这项横断面调查研究于2018年从中国广东省和山东省的四个强制戒毒机构招募了785名吸毒者。进行普通最小二乘法回归分析，以考察自我控制（格拉斯米克等人的认知量表）、吸毒同伴和家庭依恋对吸毒频率的性别影响。
在控制吸毒同伴和家庭依恋的影响时，低自我控制既不是吸毒频率的显著预测因素，也不存在性别差异。吸毒同伴会大幅增加参与者的吸毒频率，无论性别如何。然而，一个重要发现是，对于男性来说，家庭支持会降低吸毒频率，但与家人见面和接触则会增加吸毒频率。对于女性而言，只有对家庭的信任能防止她们进一步吸毒。
低自我控制可能不是中国吸毒行为的核心解释因素。因此，治疗项目应更多地关注技能培养而非自我控制。未来的项目可以更多地关注减少与吸毒同伴的交往，并进一步探索与家人的复杂关系。在治疗方案中应考虑性别因素。
