Li Guangming
School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 Feb 24;13(3):200. doi: 10.3390/bs13030200.
Over the last decade, new-type drugs have been replacing traditional-type drugs in China. However, studies of implicit attitudes towards new-type drugs are insufficient and contradictory results exist. Previous studies have suggested that implicit attitudes and relapse tendencies are a dual structure model, but that is for traditional or mixed drug addicts. For new drug addicts, is the dual structure model completely suitable or partially supported? This study attempts to explore this point. At a drug rehabilitation center, we randomly selected 50 abstainers (25 males and 25 females; age range: 21-41 years) who only took new-type drugs prior to abstention to participate in this study. Participants complete the General Situation Questionnaire, the Drug Use Characteristics Questionnaire, the Drug Relapse Risk Scale (DRRS), and the Single Category Implicit Association Test (SC-IAT). The relationship between implicit attitudes and relapse tendencies of new-type drug abstainers towards new-type drugs was investigated. The results showed: (1) abstainers had negative attitudes towards new-type drugs, and the data had statistical correlation with abstainers' drug use characteristics and each relapse risk index; (2) females held relatively positive implicit attitudes towards new-type drugs; (3) being female and divorced could significantly predict abstainers' implicit attitudes; (4) there is no significant correlation between implicit attitudes and relapse tendencies of new-type drug abstainers towards new-type drugs, which partially supports the dual structure model; (5) fender influences the self-assessment of relapse probability. Compared with traditional or mixed drug addicts, the dual structure model is only partially supported for new-type drug abstainers towards new-type drugs. That is because being female and divorced are the main factors influencing implicit attitudes and relapse tendencies. A few women or divorced people regard consuming new drugs as the source of happiness and forget the harm brought by the drugs themselves in their implicit attitude, which leads to more drug abuse in their explicit behavior. Therefore, we should pay more attention to women who have become new-type drug addicts and pay special attention to the impact of divorce.
在过去十年间，新型毒品在中国正逐渐取代传统毒品。然而，针对新型毒品的内隐态度研究尚不充分，且存在相互矛盾的结果。以往研究表明，内隐态度与复吸倾向是一种二元结构模型，但这是针对传统或混合毒品成瘾者而言。对于新型毒品成瘾者，该二元结构模型是完全适用还是部分适用呢？本研究试图探讨这一问题。在一家戒毒中心，我们随机选取了50名戒毒者（25名男性和25名女性；年龄范围：21 - 41岁），他们在戒毒前仅吸食新型毒品，参与了本研究。参与者完成了一般情况问卷、吸毒特征问卷、毒品复吸风险量表（DRRS）以及单类别内隐联想测验（SC - IAT）。研究了新型毒品戒毒者对新型毒品的内隐态度与复吸倾向之间的关系。结果显示：（1）戒毒者对新型毒品持消极态度，且数据与戒毒者的吸毒特征及各复吸风险指标具有统计学相关性；（2）女性对新型毒品持有相对积极的内隐态度；（3）女性和离异状态能够显著预测戒毒者的内隐态度；（4）新型毒品戒毒者对新型毒品的内隐态度与复吸倾向之间不存在显著相关性，这部分支持了二元结构模型；（5）性别影响对复吸可能性的自我评估。与传统或混合毒品成瘾者相比，新型毒品戒毒者对新型毒品而言，二元结构模型仅得到部分支持。这是因为女性和离异是影响内隐态度和复吸倾向的主要因素。少数女性或离异者在内隐态度中将吸食新型毒品视为幸福之源，而忘却了毒品本身带来的危害，这导致其在显性行为中有更多的吸毒行为。因此，我们应更加关注成为新型毒品成瘾者的女性，并特别关注离婚的影响。
