Espeland Mark A, Yassine Hussein, Hayden Kathleen D, Hugenschmidt Christina, Bennett Wendy L, Chao Ariana, Neiberg Rebecca, Kahn Steven E, Luchsinger José A
Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston-Salem North Carolina USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Data Science Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston-Salem North Carolina USA.
Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2021 Apr 9;7(1):e12160. doi: 10.1002/trc2.12160. eCollection 2021.
It is unknown whether rates of cognitive decline differ between older women and men with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and overweight or obesity.
Two to four cognitive assessments were obtained across up to 10 years from 2799 adults (mean age 68 years; 62% women) with T2D who had been enrolled in a clinical trial of weight loss intervention. Sex-related differences in means and rates of decline of cognitive scores were assessed.
Women outperformed men in verbal learning and processing speed ( < 0.001), but not executive function ( = 0.22). The rates of decline over time for women and men were similar ( ≥ 0.10); however women, but not men, with apolipoprotein E () ε4 alleles had steeper declines in verbal learning ( = 0.02) and processing speed ( = 0.007) than those without these alleles.
Cognitive advantages for women with T2D and overweight/obesity over men are preserved as they age; however, these are eroded by the ε4 genotype.
2型糖尿病（T2D）合并超重或肥胖的老年女性和男性的认知衰退率是否存在差异尚不清楚。
从参与减肥干预临床试验的2799名患有T2D的成年人（平均年龄68岁；62%为女性）中，在长达10年的时间里进行了两到四次认知评估。评估了认知分数均值和衰退率的性别差异。
女性在言语学习和处理速度方面表现优于男性（<0.001），但在执行功能方面则不然（=0.22）。女性和男性随时间的衰退率相似（≥0.10）；然而，携带载脂蛋白E（）ε4等位基因的女性，而非男性，在言语学习（=0.02）和处理速度（=0.007）方面的衰退比没有这些等位基因的人更陡峭。
患有T2D和超重/肥胖的女性随着年龄增长相对于男性的认知优势得以保留；然而，这些优势会被ε4基因型削弱。
