Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Physiol Plant. 2021 Oct;173(2):555-567. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13428. Epub 2021 May 2.
Photosynthetic production of molecular hydrogen (H ) by cyanobacteria and green algae is a potential source of renewable energy. These organisms are capable of water biophotolysis by taking advantage of photosynthetic apparatus that links water oxidation at Photosystem II and reduction of protons to H downstream of Photosystem I. Although the process has a theoretical potential to displace fossil fuels, photosynthetic H production in its current state is not yet efficient enough for industrial applications due to a number of physiological, biochemical, and engineering barriers. This article presents a short overview of the metabolic pathways and enzymes involved in H photoproduction in cyanobacteria and green algae and our present understanding of the mechanisms of this process. We also summarize recent advances in engineering photosynthetic cell factories capable of overcoming the major barriers to efficient and sustainable H production.
蓝细菌和绿藻通过光合作用将水分解为分子氢（H ），这是可再生能源的潜在来源。这些生物体能够通过利用光合系统将水氧化与光合系统 I 下游质子还原为 H 来进行水生物光解。尽管该过程具有替代化石燃料的理论潜力，但由于存在许多生理、生化和工程障碍，目前的光合 H 生产效率还不足以满足工业应用的需求。本文简要概述了蓝细菌和绿藻中 H 光生产所涉及的代谢途径和酶，以及我们对该过程机制的现有认识。我们还总结了在工程化光合细胞工厂方面的最新进展，这些细胞工厂能够克服高效和可持续 H 生产的主要障碍。
