LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
J Med Chem. 2021 May 13;64(9):6209-6220. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00252. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
The control of Parkinson's disease (PD) is challenged by the motor and non-motor fluctuations as well as dyskinesias associated with levodopa long-term therapy. As such, pharmacological alternatives to reduce the reliance on this drug are needed. Melanostatin (MIF-1), a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of D receptors (DR), is being explored as a novel pharmacological approach focused on DR potentiation. In this work, 3-furoic acid () was successfully employed as an l-proline (Pro) surrogate, affording two potent MIF-1 analogues, methyl 3-furoyl-l-leucylglycinate () and 3-furoyl-l-leucylglycinamide (). In this series, the C-terminal carboxamide moiety was found crucial to enhancing the potency and toxicological profile, yet it is not considered a requisite for the PAM activity. Conformational analysis excludes from adopting the claimed type II β-turn. The discovery and validation of as a lead compound open a new avenue for the development of a novel class of anti-Parkinson therapeutics targeting the DR.
帕金森病 (PD) 的控制受到与左旋多巴长期治疗相关的运动和非运动波动以及运动障碍的挑战。因此,需要寻找替代药物来减少对这种药物的依赖。黑皮质素 (MIF-1) 是一种 D 受体 (DR) 的正变构调节剂 (PAM),它作为一种新的药理学方法正在被探索,其重点是增强 DR 作用。在这项工作中,3-糠酸 () 成功地被用作 l-脯氨酸 (Pro) 的替代物,得到了两种有效的 MIF-1 类似物,甲基 3-糠酰基-l-亮氨酰甘氨酸酯 () 和 3-糠酰基-l-亮氨酰甘酰胺 ()。在这个系列中,发现 C 末端的酰胺部分对于增强效力和毒理学特征至关重要,但它不被认为是 PAM 活性所必需的。构象分析排除了 采用所声称的 II 型 β-转角。作为先导化合物的发现和验证为开发针对 DR 的新型抗帕金森治疗药物开辟了新途径。