Research Department, French Rugby Union Federation, Marcoussis, France.
Medical Department, French Rugby Union Federation, Marcoussis, France.
Am J Sports Med. 2021 Jun;49(7):1921-1928. doi: 10.1177/03635465211006480. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
Concussions are a source of major concern in rugby, and a limited number of studies have attempted to identify risk factors for these injuries.
To investigate the incidence of match concussion and associated risk factors, including individual workload, anthropometric variables, playing position, and season phase, in elite rugby union players.
Case-control study; Level of evidence 3.
All concussions and explanatory variables were collected for every match over 5 consecutive seasons (2014-2018) in 1334 professional players participating in the French Top 14 championship. Concussion risk was estimated using mixed effects Poisson regression.
Mean match concussion incidence equated to 10.4 (95% CI, 9.3-11.5) concussions for 1000 hours of game exposure. A peak was reached in the 2016-2017 season (13.7; 95% CI, 11.0-16.5). A greater risk was observed in the playoffs as compared with the first phase of the season (incidence rate ratio, 3.96; 95% CI, 2.10-7.35). In comparison with other positions, half-backs incurred the highest rate of concussion events (incidence, 16.1; 95% CI, 11.8-20.3). Irrespective of playing position, those with greater height and lower body mass reported a higher risk of concussions ( = .02), especially during tackling actions for lighter players ( = .01) and during other match events for taller players ( = .03). When adjusted for season phase, players who had accumulated a higher amount of playing time since the beginning of the season demonstrated a lower risk of concussion ( = .005).
Inter- and intraseasonal variations in concussion rates were observed. Within positional groups, lighter and taller players were more at risk, with the highest incidence generally observed in half-backs. Workload was measured by the number of matches played before a concussion event, and it appeared to have a protective rather than deleterious effect on concussion risk.
脑震荡是橄榄球运动中的一个主要关注点，少数研究试图确定这些损伤的风险因素。
研究精英橄榄球运动员比赛中脑震荡的发生率及相关风险因素，包括个体工作量、人体测量学变量、比赛位置和赛季阶段。
病例对照研究；证据水平 3。
在参加法国顶级 14 锦标赛的 1334 名职业球员的 5 个连续赛季（2014-2018 年）的每一场比赛中，收集所有脑震荡和解释性变量。使用混合效应泊松回归估计脑震荡风险。
平均每场比赛脑震荡发生率为每 1000 小时比赛暴露 10.4 次（95%CI，9.3-11.5）。在 2016-2017 赛季达到高峰（13.7；95%CI，11.0-16.5）。与赛季初期相比，季后赛的风险更高（发病率比，3.96；95%CI，2.10-7.35）。与其他位置相比，半卫发生脑震荡事件的比率最高（发生率，16.1；95%CI，11.8-20.3）。无论比赛位置如何，身高较高、体重较低的球员脑震荡风险较高（ =.02），尤其是对于较轻的球员，在擒抱动作中（ =.01），以及对于较高的球员，在其他比赛事件中（ =.03）。当调整为赛季阶段时，自赛季开始以来积累了更多比赛时间的球员脑震荡风险较低（ =.005）。
观察到脑震荡发生率的赛季内和赛季间变化。在位置组内，较轻和较高的球员风险更高，半卫的发病率通常最高。工作量通过发生脑震荡事件前的比赛次数来衡量，它似乎对脑震荡风险有保护作用而不是有害作用。
