Kawasaki Takayuki, Kawakami Yuta, Nojiri Shuko, Hasegawa Yoshinori, Kuroki Manabu, Sobue Shogo, Shibuya Kenta, Takazawa Yuji, Ishijima Muneaki
Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
Department of Mathematics, Physics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, Kanagawa, Japan.
Sports Med Open. 2023 Oct 14;9(1):95. doi: 10.1186/s40798-023-00642-z.
This study aimed to identify the risk factors for tackle-related concussion observed in matches involving under (U) 18, U 22 and professional men's Rugby Union players through video analysis.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Twenty Rugby Union matches each for high school (U18), university/college (U22) and professional (Elite) were randomly selected from 202 matches in the 2018/2019 season. Both one-on-one and tackles involving multiple tacklers were analyzed for the 60 matches. The 28 categorical and continuous variables (e.g., tackle characteristics and duration before the tackle) were applied as risk factors to a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression analysis. To identify high-risk situations, a simulation model with coefficients obtained from the Lasso regression was used. Statistical analysis was conducted according to tackle direction.
A total of 14,809 tackles and 41 concussions involving 1800 players were included in the analyses. The incidence rate of concussions (injuries/1000 tackles) was greater in Elite players (4.0) compared with U18 (1.9) and U22 (2.4) players. The factors most highly associated with concussions were head-in-front tackles (where the tackler's head is placed forward, impeding a ball carrier's forward movements, 11.26/1000 tackles), and were more often observed among U18 players. A simulation model predicted that the highest risk tackle situation in Elite players was a head-in-front, side-on tackle below the hip of the ball carrier (predicted incidence rate 18.07/1000 tackles).
The risk factors associated with concussion need to be assessed cautiously. Avoiding head-in-front, side-on tackles to the lower extremities of a ball carrier should be considered to reduce injury risks.
本研究旨在通过视频分析，确定在18岁以下（U18）、22岁以下（U22）男子橄榄球联盟球员以及职业男子橄榄球联盟球员的比赛中，与擒抱相关脑震荡的风险因素。
描述性流行病学研究。
从2018/2019赛季的202场比赛中，随机选取20场高中（U18）、大学/学院（U22）和职业（精英）橄榄球联盟比赛。对这60场比赛中的一对一擒抱以及涉及多名擒抱者的擒抱进行分析。将28个分类变量和连续变量（如擒抱特征和擒抱前的持续时间）作为风险因素，应用于最小绝对收缩和选择算子（Lasso）回归分析。为了确定高风险情况，使用了一个从Lasso回归中获得系数的模拟模型。根据擒抱方向进行统计分析。
分析共纳入14809次擒抱和涉及1800名球员的41次脑震荡。与U18（1.9）和U22（2.4）球员相比，精英球员的脑震荡发生率（每1000次擒抱的受伤次数）更高（4.0）。与脑震荡关联度最高的因素是头部在前的擒抱（擒抱者头部向前，阻碍带球者向前移动，每1000次擒抱中有11.26次），且在U18球员中更常出现。一个模拟模型预测，精英球员中风险最高的擒抱情况是在带球者髋部以下的头部在前、侧面擒抱（预测发生率为每1000次擒抱中有18.07次）。
与脑震荡相关的风险因素需要谨慎评估。应考虑避免对带球者下肢进行头部在前的侧面擒抱，以降低受伤风险。
