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[波鸿市7176名儿童疫苗接种状况的随访研究]

[Catamnestic studies of the vaccination status of 7,176 children in Bochum].

作者信息

Liesenfeld U, Mietens C

机构信息

Universitäts-Kinderklinik, St. Josef Hospital, Bochum.

出版信息

Klin Padiatr. 1988 Mar-Apr;200(2):120-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1033697.

DOI:10.1055/s-2008-1033697
PMID:3386185
Abstract

7176 children, who were hospitalized between 1978 and 1983 in the Children's Hospital of the University of Bochum were analysed by the use of case histories and vaccination certificates for their status of vaccination. An age related complete vaccination status was found only in 46.7% for diphtheria, in 55.3% for tetanus and in 48.1% for poliomyelitis. A quarter of all children had not received any vaccinations for diphtheria, tetanus or poliomyelitis. Considerable gaps for at least one of these three vaccinations were found in half of all children. It was striking that especially the booster vaccinations for diphtheria in the sixth and seventh year and for tetanus and poliomyelitis in the tenth or eleventh year were frequently missed. While vaccinations for measles and mumps were increasing in younger children a general decrease for pertussis vaccination was noted. Vaccination quotes and the socio-economic situation of the families were statistically significantly correlated. Highest rats were found in children from university graduates with a decreasing tendency towards a lower socio-economic level. The situation for foreign worker families was significantly worse than for German children. However especially for these children standard vaccinations are very important as visits in there home countries produce a high incidence of exposure to infections. The general aim of the study was to find out those groups where special informations and propagations for vaccination are necessary.

摘要

对1978年至1983年间在波鸿大学儿童医院住院的7176名儿童,利用病历和疫苗接种证书分析了他们的疫苗接种状况。白喉疫苗接种率按年龄统计只有46.7%,破伤风为55.3%,脊髓灰质炎为48.1%。所有儿童中有四分之一未接种过白喉、破伤风或脊髓灰质炎疫苗。在所有儿童中有一半至少在这三种疫苗之一的接种上存在相当大的差距。令人惊讶的是,尤其在6岁和7岁时的白喉加强疫苗接种以及10岁或11岁时的破伤风和脊髓灰质炎加强疫苗接种经常被遗漏。虽然年幼儿童的麻疹和腮腺炎疫苗接种率在上升,但百日咳疫苗接种率总体呈下降趋势。疫苗接种率与家庭的社会经济状况在统计学上显著相关。大学毕业生家庭的儿童接种率最高,且随着社会经济水平降低有下降趋势。外籍工人家庭儿童的情况明显比德国儿童差。然而,尤其对于这些儿童来说,标准疫苗接种非常重要,因为他们回国探亲时感染疾病的几率很高。该研究的总体目标是找出那些需要进行特殊疫苗接种信息宣传的群体。

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