Food Science Department, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
CONACYT-Research Fellow, Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Food Science Department, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CONACYT-CIAD), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021 Aug;9(8):3026-3032. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.04.005. Epub 2021 Apr 20.
Enolase is one of the most abundant cytosolic enzymes as well as an important glycolytic metalloenzyme highly conserved among organisms from different taxonomical groups. Participation of enolase in processes in which its enzymatic activity is not required has been widely reported. Some of these processes provide special qualities to microorganisms, which favor, in some cases, their pathogenicity. Remarkably, enolase has been reported as an allergen by itself, it is well recognized as allergenic in molds and yeasts, whereas it has also been recognized by the immune system of susceptible individuals acting as a food and inhaled allergen from other diverse sources such as insects, birds, fishes, and plants. To date, 14 enolases have been officially recognized by the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies Allergen Nomenclature Subcommittee. The use of discovery proteomics has also uncovered novel allergenic enolases, particularly from pollen sources. Here, we review the relevance of enolases as sensitizers and as nonsensitizing cross-reactive allergens in allergic disease.
烯醇化酶是细胞溶质中含量最丰富的酶之一，也是一种重要的糖酵解金属酶，在不同分类群的生物中高度保守。烯醇化酶参与其酶活性不需要的过程已被广泛报道。其中一些过程为微生物提供了特殊的特性，在某些情况下有利于它们的致病性。值得注意的是，烯醇化酶本身已被报道为过敏原，它在霉菌和酵母中被公认是过敏原，而在易感性个体的免疫系统中，它也被认为是一种食物和吸入过敏原，来自昆虫、鸟类、鱼类和植物等其他各种来源。迄今为止，世界卫生组织/国际免疫学会联合会过敏原命名小组委员会已正式承认 14 种烯醇化酶。发现蛋白质组学的应用也揭示了新的过敏原烯醇化酶，特别是来自花粉源的过敏原烯醇化酶。在这里，我们回顾了烯醇化酶作为敏化剂和非敏化交叉反应性过敏原在过敏疾病中的相关性。
