Blatt Michael R, Leyman Barbara, Geelen Danny
1 Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of London, Wye College, Wye, Kent TN25 5AH, UK.
New Phytol. 1999 Dec;144(3):389-418. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00546.x.
Eukaryotic cells share a set of secretory pathways for the flux of membrane and protein material. In 1993, ideas about the functioning of three major proteins of the neurosecretory complex were consolidated in the SNARE hypothesis, which proposed that the interaction of these proteins provides both the specificity for vesicle targeting and the molecular machinery for fusion between vesicle and target membranes. Subsequetly, the organization, molecular mechanics and control of vesicle trafficking have become topics of intense research, and the hypothesis has evolved to accommodate new discoveries from the analysis of secretion in yeast and mammals. It is likely to be challenged again as more information comes to light about secretory processes in plants. New tools for measuring and manipulating vesicle traffic and secretion are now being used, drawing on in vivo fluorescence and capacitance recording as well as genetic engineering. These new technologies have already begun to yield details wholly unexpected from past studies. Here we focus on recent findings relating to the mechanisms of vesicle trafficking and the background to these developments, highlighting both current understanding of the molecular events of secretion and the gaps therein, as well as discussing emerging themes from work with plants. contents Summary 389 I. introduction 389 II. 1. The SNARE hypothesis 393 III. vesicle trafficking in plants 402 IV. regulation of vesicle trafficking in plant cells 406 V. conclusion 410 Acknowledgements 411 References 411.
真核细胞共享一套用于膜和蛋白质物质流动的分泌途径。1993年，关于神经分泌复合体三种主要蛋白质功能的观点在SNARE假说中得到整合，该假说提出这些蛋白质的相互作用既为囊泡靶向提供特异性，也为囊泡与靶膜之间的融合提供分子机制。随后，囊泡运输的组织、分子机制和调控成为深入研究的课题，并且该假说不断发展以适应从酵母和哺乳动物分泌分析中获得的新发现。随着更多关于植物分泌过程的信息被揭示，它可能会再次受到挑战。现在正在使用新的工具来测量和操纵囊泡运输和分泌，这些工具利用了体内荧光和电容记录以及基因工程。这些新技术已经开始揭示一些过去研究中完全意想不到的细节。在这里，我们关注与囊泡运输机制相关的最新发现以及这些进展的背景，强调目前对分泌分子事件的理解以及其中的差距，同时讨论植物研究中出现的新主题。目录摘要389 一、引言389 二、1. SNARE假说393 三、植物中的囊泡运输402 四、植物细胞中囊泡运输的调控406 五、结论410 致谢411 参考文献411
