Department of Maternal & Child Health, Gynecology and Urology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Italian Association for Demographic Education, AIED, Rome, Italy.
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2021 Jul;14(7):821-836. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1917373. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
: Following a historical overview, the effect of different contraceptive methods on vaginal microbiome has been reviewed and summarized.: Effects of combined hormonal contraceptives (oral or vaginal) and of progestin only (injectable and implantable), intrauterine devices/systems (copper- or levonorgestrel-releasing), on vaginal microbiome. In addition, mention is made of vaginal rings releasing antiviral drugs and lactic acid.: The vaginal microbiota (VM) is unique in that it is normally dominated by species providing a degree of protection against infections; this however may vary, depending on the species and strains of . Bacterial Vaginosis represents the most common dysbiosis of the VM and its prevalence can be influenced by use of contraception. Available evidence indicates that, under the influence of oral or systemically administered female sex hormones, there is apromotion of vaginal eubiosis, with aprevalence of ahealthy VM in which predominate.
: 本文首先对不同避孕方法对阴道微生物组的影响进行了综述。: 包括复方激素避孕药（口服或阴道用）和单纯孕激素避孕药（注射和植入）、宫内节育器/系统（含铜或左炔诺孕酮）对阴道微生物组的影响。此外，还提到了释放抗病毒药物和乳酸的阴道环。: 阴道微生物群（VM）具有独特性，正常情况下由提供一定程度抗感染保护的 种细菌主导；然而，这可能因 的种类和菌株而异。细菌性阴道病是 VM 最常见的失调，其流行率可能受到避孕方法的影响。现有证据表明，在口服或全身给予女性性激素的影响下，阴道内环境趋向于正常，健康的 VM 中以 为主导。
