School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China.
School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China.
Chin J Traumatol. 2021 Jul;24(4):214-220. doi: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2021.03.006. Epub 2021 Apr 7.
Previous studies usually examine the associations between psychological distresses and quality of life (QOL) with a variable-centred approach, while little is known about the effect of the individual variance in time-varying changes of psychological distresses on QOL. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether individual variance in psychological distresses during the early phases post-earthquake would develop different QOL's levels among adolescent survivors 10-year after the Wenchuan earthquake.
Data were extracted from the Wenchuan Earthquake Adolescent Health Cohort Study. The current study included 744 adolescent survivors who effectively completed surveys at 6 months, 24 months, and 10 years after the earthquake. Self-report questionnaires were administered to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, earthquake exposure, life events, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and QOL. Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression.
Trajectories of psychological distresses were classified as follow: resistance (anxiety 40.73%; depression 54.70%; PTSS 74.46%), recovery (anxiety 17.20%; depression 9.27%; PTSS 10.35%), delayed dysfunction (anxiety 10.35%; depression 18.15%; PTSS 6.18%), and chronicity (anxiety 31.72%; depression 17.88%; PTSS 9.01%). After controlling covariates, hierarchical multiple regression only revealed that the anxiety trajectory with delayed dysfunction remained significantly predictive for four domains of QOL (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment).
The current study highlights the importance of focusing on the variations in trajectories of anxiety symptoms among disaster survivors and providing individualized mental health services to improve survivors' QOL.
以往的研究通常采用变量为中心的方法来考察心理困扰与生活质量（QOL）之间的关系，而对于心理困扰在时间上的个体变化差异对 QOL 的影响知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在探讨汶川地震后 10 年，青少年幸存者在地震后早期阶段的心理困扰个体差异是否会发展出不同的 QOL 水平。
数据来自汶川地震青少年健康队列研究。本研究纳入了 744 名有效完成地震后 6 个月、24 个月和 10 年调查的青少年幸存者。采用自报式问卷收集社会人口学特征、地震暴露、生活事件、焦虑症状、抑郁症状、创伤后应激症状（PTSS）和 QOL 等信息。采用分层多重回归分析数据。
心理困扰轨迹分为以下几类：抵抗（焦虑 40.73%；抑郁 54.70%；PTSS 74.46%）、恢复（焦虑 17.20%；抑郁 9.27%；PTSS 10.35%）、延迟功能障碍（焦虑 10.35%；抑郁 18.15%；PTSS 6.18%）和慢性（焦虑 31.72%；抑郁 17.88%；PTSS 9.01%）。在控制协变量后，分层多重回归仅显示延迟功能障碍的焦虑轨迹仍能显著预测 QOL 的四个领域（身体健康、心理健康、社会关系和环境）。
本研究强调了关注灾难幸存者焦虑症状轨迹变化的重要性，并为改善幸存者的 QOL 提供个性化心理健康服务的重要性。
