University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
University of A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Aug;37(15-16):NP14215-NP14238. doi: 10.1177/08862605211005148. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
Although sexual assaults on female university students are a public health concern, studies that have examined this issue have not used behaviorally specific definitions of the various types of sexual victimization. Furthermore, hardly any data exists on female Spanish university students. The objectives of this study were to analyze the prevalence of different forms of sexual assault against female Spanish university students, determine the risk factors associated with sexual assault, analyze the association between sexual victimization and mental health problems, and determine the differential risk of more serious types of sexual assault. A cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of 871 students from the University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain) (mean age 20.7 years, = 2.8). The current study assessed various types of sexual violence (i.e., unwanted sexual contact, attempted coercion, coercion, attempted rape, rape), as well as rates of depression, anxiety, stress, eating disorders, substance abuse, suicide risk, and suicide attempts. Of the female students surveyed, 28.5% had suffered some form of sexual violence during the previous year, 22.3% reported unwanted sexual contact, 8.8% attempted coercion, 6.5% coercion, 10.4% attempted rape, and 7.9% had been raped. Lower risk was associated with having a partner and being heterosexual. Being 18 years of age and prior experiences of sexual victimization were associated with higher risk. Being the victim of attempted coercion was associated with a higher risk of depression, while victims of attempted rape were at higher risk for substance use. Rape victims were at the highest risk for all mental health conditions studied, with the exception of suicide attempts. Due to the high rates at which Spanish female university students experience sexual violence, planning and resources are needed to address their mental health needs, especially those who are victims of rape.
尽管针对女大学生的性侵犯是一个公共卫生问题，但研究这个问题的研究尚未使用性行为特异性定义来定义各种类型的性受害。此外，几乎没有关于西班牙女大学生的数据。本研究的目的是分析针对西班牙女大学生的不同形式的性侵犯的流行率，确定与性侵犯相关的危险因素，分析性受害与心理健康问题之间的关联，并确定更严重类型的性侵犯的差异风险。在西班牙圣地亚哥德孔波斯特拉大学（University of Santiago de Compostela）的随机样本中进行了一项横断面研究（n = 871，平均年龄 20.7 岁，SD = 2.8）。本研究评估了各种类型的性暴力（即，非意愿的性接触、试图强迫、强迫、试图强奸、强奸），以及抑郁、焦虑、压力、饮食障碍、物质滥用、自杀风险和自杀企图的发生率。在所调查的女学生中，28.5％在过去一年中遭受过某种形式的性暴力，22.3％报告了非意愿的性接触，8.8％试图强迫，6.5％强迫，10.4％试图强奸，7.9％被强奸。较低的风险与有伴侣和异性恋有关。18 岁和以前的性受害经历与更高的风险相关。遭受试图强迫的受害者与抑郁的风险更高相关，而遭受试图强奸的受害者与物质使用的风险更高相关。强奸受害者面临着所有研究的心理健康状况的最高风险，除了自杀企图。由于西班牙女大学生经历性暴力的比率很高，因此需要规划和资源来解决他们的心理健康需求，特别是那些强奸受害者。
