1 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
2 Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2018 Nov;33(22):3502-3530. doi: 10.1177/0886260516636064. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
Colleges are rape-prone cultures with high rates of sexual victimization. Fraternities' and sororities' relationships with sexual assault are consistent themes in literature focusing on sexual violence among college students. Previous research suggests that fraternity men are more likely to endorse rape-supportive attitudes compared with non-Greek men or sorority women. The present study examines rape-supportive attitudes as well as rape and sexual assault victimization in college students with a focus on gender and Greek-life (i.e., involvement in fraternities or sororities) status variables. College students ( N = 1,002) completed a survey including the Token Resistance to Sex Scale (TRSS), Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale-Short Form (IRMA-S), and items related to past experiences of nonconsensual sex. Two regression models tested predictors of token resistance and rape myth acceptance. Chi-square analyses tested between-group differences of experiencing rape and sexual assault. Gender ( p < .001), Greek status ( p < .001), and race/ethnicity ( p < .001) were predictors for TRSS scores. For IRMA scores, gender ( p < .001), Greek status ( p < .001), and race/ethnicity variables ( p < .001) were also significant. Interaction terms revealed that Greek men had higher token resistance and rape myth acceptance than any other group. Chi-square analyses indicate women more frequently report experiences of rape (χ = 25.57, df = 1, p < .001) and sexual assault (χ = 31.75, df = 1, p < .001). Men report high rates (40.8%) of experiencing sexual assault "because refusing was useless." No differences of victimization rates were found between Greeks and non-Greeks. Gender and sexual scripting theory can help explain gender differences in attitudes and experiences. Greater endorsement of rape myth acceptance and token resistance by Greeks, who influence college party culture, could be contributing to a culture conducive to rape. Findings demonstrate a continued need for interventions focused on shifting sociocultural dynamics (e.g., traditional roles and sexual scripting) on college campuses.
高校是性侵频发的高危文化区，性侵犯发生率很高。兄弟会和姐妹会与大学生性暴力相关的问题一直是文献关注的焦点。先前的研究表明，与非希腊裔男性或女大学生联谊会成员相比，兄弟会男性更有可能支持强奸的观点。本研究考察了大学生的支持强奸的态度以及强奸和性侵犯的受害情况，重点关注性别和希腊生活（即参与兄弟会或姐妹会）状况变量。共有 1002 名大学生完成了一项调查，包括代币抵制性侵犯量表（TRSS）、伊利诺伊州强奸神话接受度短表（IRMA-S）和与非自愿性行为相关的项目。两个回归模型检验了代币抵制和强奸神话接受度的预测因素。卡方分析检验了经历强奸和性侵犯的组间差异。性别（p<0.001）、希腊身份（p<0.001）和种族/民族（p<0.001）是 TRSS 得分的预测因素。对于 IRMA 得分，性别（p<0.001）、希腊身份（p<0.001）和种族/民族变量（p<0.001）也是显著的。交互项显示，希腊裔男性的代币抵制和强奸神话接受度高于其他任何群体。卡方分析表明，女性更频繁地报告经历强奸（χ=25.57，df=1，p<0.001）和性侵犯（χ=31.75，df=1，p<0.001）。男性报告说，他们经历性侵犯的比例很高（40.8%），原因是“拒绝也无济于事”。希腊裔和非希腊裔之间的受害率没有差异。性别和性脚本理论可以帮助解释态度和经历方面的性别差异。希腊人更支持强奸神话接受度和代币抵制度，他们影响着高校的派对文化，可能导致了一种有利于强奸的文化。研究结果表明，需要继续在大学校园里进行干预，以改变社会文化动态（如传统角色和性脚本）。
