Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ) at AUT Millennium, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2021 Sep;39(17):2015-2022. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1912966. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
Lower-limb wearable resistance (WR) provides a specific and targeted overload to the musculature involved in sprint running, however, it is unknown if greater impact forces occur with the additional limb mass. This study compared the contact times and ground reaction force waveforms between sprint running with no load and 2% body mass (BM) shank-positioned WR over 30 m. Fifteen male university-level sprint specialists completed two maximum effort sprints with each condition in a randomized order. Sprint running with shank WR resulted in trivial changes to contact times at 5 m, 10 m, and 20 m (effect size [ES] = <0.20, > 0.05) and a small, significant increase to contact time at 30 m by 1.94% (ES = 0.25, = 0.03). Significant differences in ground reaction force between unloaded and shank loaded sprint running were limited to the anterior-posterior direction and occurred between 20% and 30% of ground contact at 10 m, 20 m, and 30 m. Shank WR did not result in greater magnitudes of horizontal or vertical forces during the initial impact portion of ground contact. Practitioners can prescribe shank WR training with loads ≤2% BM without concern for increased risk of injurious impact forces.
下肢可穿戴阻力（WR）为参与短跑的肌肉提供了特定且有针对性的超负荷，但尚不清楚额外的肢体质量是否会导致更大的冲击力。本研究比较了无负荷和 2%体重（BM）小腿位置 WR 下 30 米短跑的接触时间和地面反作用力波形。15 名男性大学水平的短跑专家以随机顺序完成了两种条件下的两次最大努力短跑。小腿 WR 短跑在 5 m、10 m 和 20 m 处的接触时间仅有微小变化（效应量[ES] < 0.20， > 0.05），而在 30 m 处的接触时间有小而显著的增加，增加了 1.94%（ES = 0.25， = 0.03）。无负荷和小腿加载短跑跑步之间地面反作用力的显著差异仅限于前后方向，发生在 10 m、20 m 和 30 m 处的地面接触的 20%到 30%之间。在地面接触的初始冲击部分，小腿 WR 并没有导致更大的水平或垂直力。从业者可以规定负载≤2%BM 的小腿 WR 训练，而不必担心受伤冲击力增加的风险。
