Song Xia, Gao Jian, Peng Hua
Research Center for Tourism Agriculture Development, Sichuan Tourism College, Chengdu, China.
School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing, China.
PeerJ. 2021 Apr 7;9:e10978. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10978. eCollection 2021.
Carmine radish is famous for containing a natural red pigment (red radish pigment). However, the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes during the dynamic development stages of the fleshy roots in carmine radish has not been fully investigated. Here, based on HPLC quantification of anthocyanin levels from our previous study, young fleshy roots of the carmine radish "Hongxin 1" obtained at the dynamic development stages of fleshy roots (seedling stage (SS), initial expansion (IE), full expansion (FE), bolting stage (BS), initial flowering stage (IFS), full bloom stage (FBS) and podding stage (PS)) were used for RNA-Seq. Approximately 126 comodulated DEGs related to anthocyanin biosynthesis (common DEGs in the dynamic growth stages of fleshy roots in carmine radish) were identified, from which most DEGs appeared to be likely to participate in anthocyanin biosynthesis, including two transcription factors, and . In addition, some related proteins, e.g., and , were found as candidate contributors to the regulatory mechanism of anthocyanin synthesis in the fleshy roots of carmine radish. In addition, 11 putative DEGs related to anthocyanin synthesis were evaluated by qRT-PCR via the (2-ΔΔCT) method; the Pearson correlation analysis indicated excellent concordance between the RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR results. Furthermore, GO enrichment analysis showed that "anthocyanin-containing compound biosynthetic process" and "anthocyanin-containing compound metabolic process" were commonly overrepresented in the dynamic growth stages of fleshy roots after the initial expansion stage. Moreover, five significantly enriched pathways were identified among the DEGs in the dynamic growth stages of fleshy roots in carmine radish, namely, flavonoid biosynthesis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, diterpenoid biosynthesis, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and benzoxazinoid biosynthesis. In conclusion, these results will expand our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the fleshy roots of carmine radish and the putative candidate genes involved in this process.
胭脂萝卜以含有一种天然红色素（红萝卜色素）而闻名。然而，胭脂萝卜肉质根动态发育阶段花青素生物合成相关基因的表达尚未得到充分研究。在此，基于我们之前研究中对花青素水平的高效液相色谱定量分析，选取在肉质根动态发育阶段（幼苗期（SS）、初始膨大期（IE）、完全膨大期（FE）、抽薹期（BS）、初花期（IFS）、盛花期（FBS）和结荚期（PS））获得的胭脂萝卜“红心1号”的幼嫩肉质根进行RNA测序。鉴定出约126个与花青素生物合成相关的共调控差异表达基因（胭脂萝卜肉质根动态生长阶段的常见差异表达基因），其中大多数差异表达基因似乎可能参与花青素生物合成，包括两个转录因子。此外，还发现一些相关蛋白，如 和 ，是胭脂萝卜肉质根花青素合成调控机制的候选贡献者。此外，通过qRT-PCR采用（2-ΔΔCT）方法对11个与花青素合成相关的假定差异表达基因进行了评估；Pearson相关性分析表明RNA测序和qRT-PCR结果之间具有良好的一致性。此外，基因本体富集分析表明，“含花青素化合物生物合成过程”和“含花青素化合物代谢过程”在初始膨大期后的肉质根动态生长阶段普遍过度富集。此外，在胭脂萝卜肉质根动态生长阶段的差异表达基因中鉴定出五条显著富集的途径，即类黄酮生物合成、黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成、二萜生物合成、花青素生物合成和苯并恶嗪生物合成。总之，这些结果将扩展我们对胭脂萝卜肉质根花青素生物合成复杂分子机制以及参与该过程的假定候选基因的理解。
