Zhong Xuhui, Ding Jie, Wang Zheng, Gao Yan, Wu Yubin, Shen Ying, Song Hongmei, Zhao Zhengyan, Chen Xinxin, Zhang Puhong, Xu Guobin, Yao Chen, Zhang Hui, Zhong Fu, Tang Ying, Wang Hui, Wang Wei, Li Wenhao, Zhang Wanxia, Zhu Sainan, Shang Meixia
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Front Pediatr. 2021 Mar 25;9:649068. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.649068. eCollection 2021.
Targeted urinalysis has been suggested to improve screening efficiency in adults. However, there is no well-defined target population in children yet, with limited information on the risk factors for urinalysis abnormalities. Children from infants to 17 years old were randomly selected. Dipstick urinalysis was initially performed. Among those who were abnormal, a repeat dipstick or dipstick with microscopic urinalysis was performed for confirmation. In total, 70,822 children were included, with 37,866 boys and 32,956 girls. Prevalence of abnormal urinalysis was 4.3%. Age was significantly associated with abnormal urinalysis, with the highest prevalence among 12-14-year-olds. Girls were 2.0 times more likely to exhibit abnormalities. Compared with children whose guardians had a college degree or higher, those whose guardians had a high school degree or lower had a higher likelihood of abnormalities. Geographic location was also associated with abnormal results. Girls, children aged 12-14 years old, and children whose guardians had a low educational level and children in certain geographic locations were significantly associated with abnormal urinalysis. Identification of children at high risk would contribute to targeted urinalysis screening.
有研究表明，针对性尿液分析可提高成人的筛查效率。然而，目前儿童中尚未明确界定目标人群，关于尿液分析异常的风险因素的信息有限。随机选取了从婴儿到17岁的儿童。首先进行尿试纸尿液分析。对那些结果异常的儿童，再次进行尿试纸检测或结合显微镜尿液分析以进行确认。总共纳入了70822名儿童，其中男孩37866名，女孩32956名。尿液分析异常的患病率为4.3%。年龄与尿液分析异常显著相关，12至14岁儿童的患病率最高。女孩出现异常的可能性是男孩的2.0倍。与监护人拥有大学及以上学历的儿童相比，监护人拥有高中及以下学历的儿童出现异常的可能性更高。地理位置也与异常结果相关。女孩、12至14岁的儿童、监护人教育水平低的儿童以及某些地理位置的儿童与尿液分析异常显著相关。识别高危儿童将有助于进行针对性的尿液分析筛查。
