Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Ste-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Aggress Behav. 2021 Jul;47(4):453-463. doi: 10.1002/ab.21963. Epub 2021 Apr 18.
Aggressive behavior is generally detrimental to children's friendships, both in terms of having friends and in terms of keeping friends. Despite this general tendency, many aggressive children have friends and some of these friendships are stable. We examined the moderating role of preference norms in the classroom and child's sex in the association between children's physical and relational aggression and their friendship experiences. A total of 1135 children (M = 10.24 years, SD = 1.01) in Grades 4 to 6 completed a peer nomination inventory in the Fall (T1) and Spring (T2) of the same school year. Norms were operationalized as the class- and sex-specific correlation between physical or relational aggression and social preference. Norms moderated associations between each form of aggression and number of friends. At T1, physical and relational aggression were concurrently associated with having more friends when norms favored this behavior and with fewer friends when norms were unfavorable. The latter effect was especially pronounced in girls. Over time, youth lost friends when norms favored physical aggression and gained friends when norms favored relational aggression. T1 friends' physical and relational aggression were strong predictors of new friends' aggressive behavior, suggesting that friends provide a type of norm more significant to new friend selection than norms of the peer group and individual aggressive behavior. Overall, our results suggest that physical and relational aggression are not necessarily detrimental to children's friendship experiences and may even be beneficial in specific social contexts.
攻击行为通常对儿童的友谊有害，无论是在交友方面还是保持友谊方面。尽管存在这种普遍趋势，但许多攻击性儿童都有朋友，其中一些友谊是稳定的。我们研究了课堂偏好规范和儿童性别在儿童身体和关系攻击与友谊经历之间的关系中的调节作用。共有 1135 名 4 至 6 年级的儿童（M = 10.24 岁，SD = 1.01）在同一年的秋季（T1）和春季（T2）完成了同伴提名清单。规范被定义为身体或关系攻击与社会偏好之间的班级和性别特定相关性。规范调节了每种形式的攻击与朋友数量之间的关系。在 T1 时，当规范支持这种行为时，身体和关系攻击与拥有更多朋友同时相关，而当规范不利时，与拥有更少朋友相关。这种效应在女孩中尤为明显。随着时间的推移，当规范支持身体攻击时，青少年会失去朋友，而当规范支持关系攻击时，他们会获得朋友。T1 时朋友的身体和关系攻击是新朋友攻击行为的有力预测因素，这表明朋友提供的规范比同龄群体和个体攻击行为的规范更能影响新朋友的选择。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，身体和关系攻击不一定对儿童的友谊经历有害，在特定的社会环境中甚至可能是有益的。
