University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America.
University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Apr 19;16(4):e0250042. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250042. eCollection 2021.
The Speech-to-Song Illusion is an auditory illusion that occurs when a spoken phrase is repeatedly presented. After several presentations, listeners report that the phrase seems to be sung rather than spoken. Previous work [1] indicates that the mechanisms-priming, activation, and satiation-found in the language processing model, Node Structure Theory (NST), may account for the Speech-to-Song Illusion. NST also accounts for other language-related phenomena, including increased experiences in older adults of the tip-of-the-tongue state (where you know a word, but can't retrieve it). Based on the mechanism in NST used to account for the age-related increase in the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon, we predicted that older adults may be less likely to experience the Speech-to-Song Illusion than younger adults. Adults of a wide range of ages heard a stimulus known to evoke the Speech-to-Song Illusion. Then, they were asked to indicate if they experienced the illusion or not (Study 1), to respond using a 5-point song-likeness rating scale (Study 2), or to indicate when the percept changed from speech to song (Study 3). The results of these studies suggest that the illusion is experienced with similar frequency and strength, and after the same number of repetitions by adult listeners regardless of age.
言语-歌曲错觉是一种听觉错觉，当一个短语被反复呈现时就会发生。经过几次呈现后，听众报告说这个短语听起来像是在唱歌而不是在说话。先前的研究[1]表明，语言处理模型“节点结构理论”（NST）中的机制——启动、激活和饱和，可以解释言语-歌曲错觉。NST 还可以解释其他与语言相关的现象，包括老年人体验到更多的话在嘴边（你知道一个词，但想不起来）的现象。基于 NST 中用于解释与年龄相关的话在嘴边现象增加的机制，我们预测老年人比年轻人不太可能经历言语-歌曲错觉。不同年龄段的成年人都听到了一个已知会引起言语-歌曲错觉的刺激。然后，他们被要求表明是否经历了错觉（研究 1），或者使用 5 点歌曲相似性评分量表来回答（研究 2），或者表明感知何时从言语变为歌曲（研究 3）。这些研究的结果表明，无论年龄大小，成年人在经历相同数量的重复后，以相似的频率和强度经历错觉。
